MITOSIS

Mitosis and the Cell Cycle Sexual reproduction – combining genetic info from 2 organisms of the same species to create offspring Asexual reproduction – offspring arises from single parent.

How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants?

Why do animals shed their skin?

Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction: 1. Growth 2. Repair 3. Replacement Skin cancer - the abnormal growth of skin cells - most often develops on skin exposed to the sun.

The Cell Cycle The sequence of growth and division of a cell. 95% of cell cycle in interphase 5% of cell cycle in mitosis Interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis

Interphase Growth Stage 1 (G 1 ) – metabolic activity of the cell Synthesis Stage (S) – metabolic activity of the cell, replication of DNA Growth Stage 2 (G 2 ) – metabolic activity of the cell, prepare for division

Interphase Normal cell life functions Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from:

MITOSIS is the process of the nucleus of the cell duplicating and dividing There are four phases of mitosis. PROPHASE METAPHASE ANAPHASE TELOPHASE

Prophase (DNA has already copied itself) Nuclear membrane fades Chromosomes condense – can see sister chromatids and centromere Spindle forms Centrioles start to move to opposite poles

Prophase Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: Spindle fibers Centrioles

Metaphase Chromosomes line up along the equator (middle) of the cell Each chromatid is attached to spindle with centromere

Metaphase Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from:

Anaphase Centromeres divide Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell Each chromatid is now a separate chromosome

Anaphase Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from:

Telophase Spindle fibers dissolve Chromosomes reach the opposite poles and begin to uncoil (lengthen) Nuclear envelopes (2) reform

Telophase Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from:

Cytokinesis Cytoplasm divides Two new daughter cells are now separate

Animal Mitosis -- Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase

Plant Mitosis -- Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase

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