Binary Fission: Cell Division in Prokaryotic Cells asexual reproduction in which one cell divides into two identical daughter cells
How cells divide to make new cells The Cell Cycle How cells divide to make new cells
Just like people have phases of development,
Cells have phases too.
In somatic (body) cells, a parent cell produces 2 daughter cells In somatic (body) cells, a parent cell produces 2 daughter cells. The purpose of cell division is for growth and repair of tissue.
Three Phases or Stages Interphase Mitosis Cytokinesis
Interphase
Interphase DNA and organelles replicate Cell spends most of its life in this stage
Stages of Interphase G1 (growth) normal activities – endo & exo S (synthesis) genetic material is duplicated so each daughter cell contains the same amount of genetic material as the parent cell G2 (growth) preparing for cell division
Mitosis Nucleus divides Duplicated DNA is divided into two new nuclei
Stages of Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
Prophase
Prophase Nuclear membrane breaks down Genetic material (chromatin) condenses Centrioles migrate to opposite ends of poles (in animal cells) Microtubules (spindle fibers) attach to centrioles
Prophase
Metaphase
Metaphase Duplicated chromosomes line up on the equator of the cell Microtubules (spindle fibers) attach to centromere at kinetochore
Metaphase
Anaphase
Anaphase Duplicated chromosomes (also called sister chromotids) separate 1 of each pair are pulled apart toward opposite poles of the cell
Anaphase
Telophase
Telophase New nuclear membranes form to separate the genetic material Cleavage furrow in animal cells Cell plate in plant cells
Telophase
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis Occurs AFTER telophase and BEFORE interphase Cytoplasm divides
Cytokinesis
Mitosis Animation
What happens when cells divide at an uncontrollable rate? CANCER
Causes of Cancer Tobacco Radiation exposure Viral infections (HPV) Genetics
Cancer Animation