13,000 km 3 15,300,000 km 3 1,350,000,000 km 3 71,000 km 3 33,000,000 km 3 425,000 km 3 40,000 km 3.

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Presentation transcript:

13,000 km 3 15,300,000 km 3 1,350,000,000 km 3 71,000 km 3 33,000,000 km 3 425,000 km 3 40,000 km 3

Carbon Cycling

Nitrogen Cycling

Global Biogeochemical Cycles billion tons of carbon trapped in microbes billion tons nitrogen in microbes 9-14 billion tons phosphorus in microbes 85% of the 15 billion tons of nitrogen fixed annually is fixed by bacteria 50% of oxygen produced by cyanobacteria

Carbon Cycling

Carbon dioxide concentration (ppm) Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii

Hottest years on Record

IPCC Projected Impacts

Carbon dioxide concentration (ppm) Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii

Ocean Acidification CO 2 + H 2 0  H 2 CO 3  HCO H +

Hoegh-Guldberg, et al. Science, 2008

Location Of The Stations Ambika Badh, 2009

Longer growing season Higher yield Better quality and different varieties of crop Stronger economy Changes in rainfall pattern (+/-) Higher risk of flood Higher risk of drought Ambika Badh’s Predictions at 2007 NDAS meeting

Bird range shrinkage by 2050 after Jetz, et al. PLOS Biology, 2007 (8,750 species) 60% 10%

Fig. 25-5, p. 454

Parmesan, et al. Nature. 1999

The end

Carbon dioxide concentration (ppm) Vostock Ice Core, Antarctica

Projected Temperature Change Moderate Greenhouse Gas Increase Large Greenhouse Gas Increase

Parmesan, et al. Nature. 1999