THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

The Digestive System Function Parts How the parts work together

Function of Digestive System Absorption of food Removal of waste into bloodstream Break down food to get nutrients to cells

Organs

Breaking down food Mouth Stomach Small intestines Large intestines Rectum Peripheral organs

Mechanical Digestion Physically breaking something apart –Teeth –Muscles of the stomach

Chemical Enzymes and acids added –break down big food molecules

Enzyme

Mouth Teeth Salivary glands- starts breaking down and starts digestion Tongue

Mouth Mechanical Chemical

Mouth - Mechanical Teeth – Incisor – Canine – Molar – Pre-Molar

Mouth - Chemical Saliva – Salivary amylase Breaks down starches into sugars

Mouth Teeth Salivary glands- starts breaking down and starts digestion Tongue

Esophagus

Stomach Grinds and dissolves food Main part of digestion

Stomach J- shaped organ Can hold 2 liters of food Most mechanical digestion occurs here

Stomach - Mechanical Strong muscles grind up food particles

Stomach - Chemical Pepsin – proteins amino acids Hydrochloric Acid -Kills bacteria - Provides good environment for pepsin

Small Intestine ~ 6 meters (20 feet) long ~ 2 or 3 cm (1 inch) wide Almost all chemical digestion occurs here

Small Intestine Most chemical digestion occurs here. Absorption of nutrients occurs here.

Intestines (Bowel) Large Stores, Compacts, and Eliminates indigestible material

Fast Facts About Villi Stretch out- 18ft Flatten surface- larger than a tennis court

Villi absorb nutrients

Small intestine - Chemical Bile – breaks fats into small particles – made in liver

Small intestine - Chemical Trypsin – made by pancrease –breaks down proteins

Large intestine Bacteria – cellulose - vitamin K Absorbs water Compacts stool

Rectum Stores feces Leaves rectum and body through the anus

Salivary Glands Produce – salivary amylase –starches simple sugars

Pancreas Produces trypsin and other enzymes to break down proteins

Liver Produces bile to break down fats

Gall Bladder Stores bile from liver Controls release of bile small intestine.

How the Digestive System works Break down food Absorption of food Getting rid of waste

Organs

Breaking down food Mouth Stomach Small intestines Large intestines Rectum Peripheral organs

Mechanical Digestion Physically breaking something apart –Teeth –Muscles of the stomach

Chemical Enzymes and acids added –break down big food molecules

Mouth Teeth Salivary glands- produce salivary amylase Tongue

Mouth Teeth Salivary glands- starts breaking down and starts digestion Tongue

Esophagus Connects mouth to stomach Peristalsis – muscles move food to stomach.

Esophagus

Stomach mechanical digestion - grinding chemical digestion –pepsin - proteins amino acids –amylase - starches sugars

Stomach Grinds and dissolves food Main part of digestion

Small Intestine ~ 6 meters (20 feet) long ~ 2 or 3 cm (1 inch) wide

Small Intestine Absorption of nutrients occurs here.

Small intestine - Chemical Bile – breaks fats into small particles – made in liver

Fast Facts About Villi Stretch out- 18ft Flatten surface- larger than a tennis court

Gall Bladder

Small intestine - chemical Trypsin – made by pancreas –breaks down proteins

Large intestine Bacteria – cellulose - vitamin K Absorbs water Compacts stool

Intestines (Bowel) Large Stores, Compacts, and Eliminates indigestible material

Rectum Stores feces Leaves rectum and body through the anus

The Digestive System Function Parts How the parts work together