Solutions and Other Mixtures

Mixtures Two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other and can be separated by physical means. The substances in a mixture retain their individual properties Examples: Fruit Salad, Pizza…any others?

Solutions Solution: is a special kind of mixture where one substance dissolves in another. It may appear to be a single substance but it is composed to two or more substances that are distributed evenly amongst each other. A solution may be a liquid, a gas or a solid. Examples: Chocolate Milk, Powdered Lemonade and Water, Steel, Brass

Elements The simplest form of a pure substance. They cannot be broken into anything else by physical or chemical means. Examples: Gold, aluminum, lead Element Song

Compounds Pure substances that are the unions of two or more elements. They can be broken into simpler substances by chemical means. Examples: Table Salt

Two different types of mixtures: heterogeneous and homogenous

Heterogeneous Do not appear to be the same throughout the mixture. The different components are visibly distinguishable from one another. Example: Chocolate Chip Cookies, Pizza, Fruit Salad.

Heterogeneous Mixtures Suspension A mixture that looks uniform when stirred or shaken that separates into different layers when it is not longer agitated. Example: Settled orange juice, medicines Colloids is a mixture of very tiny particles of pure substances that are dispersed in another substance but do not settle out of the substance. Particles in colloids are much smaller than those in suspension Because of how small they are, they do not settle to the bottom to form a different layer. Examples: paint, whipped cream, fog

Heterogeneous Mixtures Emulsion is any mixture of immiscible liquids in which the liquids are spread throughout one another Mayonnaise Liquid-Liquid Mixtures Oil and vinegar The two liquids are immiscible

Homogeneous Mixtures Has the same uniform appearance and composition throughout. It is “well mixed” Example: Table salt and water Solutions are homogenous mixtures It is formed when one substance dissolves in another It always has a substance that is dissolved and a substance that does the dissolving. Solute: the substance that is being dissolved Solvent: the substance that does the dissolving Examples: vinegar, air, ocean water

Homogenous Mixtures Solutions are homogenous mixtures It is formed when one substance dissolves in another It always has a substance that is dissolved and a substance that does the dissolving. Solute: the substance that is being dissolved Solvent: the substance that does the dissolving Examples: vinegar, air, ocean water