Shi ʿ i & Sunni Succession to Muhammad Fatimah & Ali Hussein & Hasan Shi ʿ a / “Party” of Ali Imam.

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Shi ʿ i & Sunni Succession to Muhammad Fatimah & Ali Hussein & Hasan Shi ʿ a / “Party” of Ali Imam

Shi ʿ i & Sunni

Early Shi ʿ i Groups Kaysaniyah al-Mukhtar (622-87): leads revolt Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah (d. 700) –Imam not descended from Fatima –Imam goes into “hiding” Zaydis (740) Zayd = Hussein’s grandson Yemen

1. Sevener or Isma ʿ ili Shi ʿ ism Ja ʿ far al-Sadiq (d. 765): 6 th Imam Isma ʿ il ibn Ja ʿ far (721-55) Musa al-Kazim ( ) Agha Khan

The Druze Offshoot from Seveners / Isma’ilis 16 th Imam: al-Hakim ( ) Ruler of Fatimid Empire (Egypt) About 1 Million Israel, Syria, Lebanon

2. Twelver or Imami Shi ʿ ism 12 Imams through Musa al-Kazim (as 7 th ) 874: 12 th Imam disappears “Occultation” or Hiding 941: Greater Occultation

Offshoots from 12er Shi ʿ ism Groups identifying Ali, Fatima, Hasan, & Husein as divine or semi-divine Nusayris / Alawis –Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, C. Asia –Ali = incarnation of God –Many restrictions not observed

Islamic Law Faqih Shari’ah Fiqh Ijtihad 5 schools – 1 Shi ʿ i, 4 Sunni

Legal “Categories” Things that must be done: prayer, ramadan, etc. Things that must not be done: drinking alcohol; murder Things that should be done: showing hospitality to strangers Things that should not be done: being cruel to animals