CHAPTER 19 POSTWAR AMERICA Section 1 Section 1 THE EISENHOWER ERA

Look up and define: John Foster Dulles John Foster Dulles Brinkmanship Brinkmanship Massive retaliation Massive retaliation

CIA CIA Nikita Khruschev Nikita Khruschev Warsaw Pact Warsaw Pact

SEATO SEATO Eisenhower Doctrine Eisenhower Doctrine

COLD WAR HOTSPOTS May 1, 1960 the U.S sent a U-2 aircraft into Soviet airspace to inspect their military facilities. May 1, 1960 the U.S sent a U-2 aircraft into Soviet airspace to inspect their military facilities. The Soviets shot down pilot Gary Francis Powers and he was captured. The Soviets shot down pilot Gary Francis Powers and he was captured. Powers was freed in 1962 in exchange for the U.S. release of a captured Soviet spy. Powers was freed in 1962 in exchange for the U.S. release of a captured Soviet spy. The incident greatly damaged U.S.- Soviet relations. The incident greatly damaged U.S.- Soviet relations.

VIETNAM In 1954 France lost a bloody struggle to keep control of its Southeast Asian colony in Vietnam. In 1954 France lost a bloody struggle to keep control of its Southeast Asian colony in Vietnam. In the battle of Dien Bien Phu the French saw they could not win in Vietnam and left. In the battle of Dien Bien Phu the French saw they could not win in Vietnam and left. Many of the rebels there were communists. Many of the rebels there were communists.

An agreement was reached to divide Vietnam into north and south. An agreement was reached to divide Vietnam into north and south. The north was under the control of communist leader Ho Chi Minh. The north was under the control of communist leader Ho Chi Minh. The division was to be temporary and an election was to take place in The division was to be temporary and an election was to take place in Eisenhower did not want the elections since he felt that the communists might win. Eisenhower did not want the elections since he felt that the communists might win.

He called his policy in southeast Asia theDOMINO THEORY: You have a row of dominoes set up, you kick over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly. He called his policy in southeast Asia theDOMINO THEORY: You have a row of dominoes set up, you kick over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly.

SEATO This organization was formed to address the threat of communism in Asia. This organization was formed to address the threat of communism in Asia. Its members included Australia, Great Britain, France, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand and the U.S. Its members included Australia, Great Britain, France, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand and the U.S. SEATO was Asia’s version of NATO. SEATO was Asia’s version of NATO.

MIDDLE EAST Conflict in the middle East was between Arabs and Jews. Conflict in the middle East was between Arabs and Jews. In 1948 Israel declared its independence and was formed. In 1948 Israel declared its independence and was formed. Israel’s neighbors Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq immediately attacked Israel. Israel’s neighbors Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Iraq immediately attacked Israel.

In 1954 Gamal Abdel Nasser becomes the leader of Egypt. In 1954 Gamal Abdel Nasser becomes the leader of Egypt. He wants to destroy Israel and Egypt the leader of this movement. He wants to destroy Israel and Egypt the leader of this movement. He was willing to seek the support of the Soviet Union. He was willing to seek the support of the Soviet Union. In 1956 the U.S. withdrew its help to Egypt in building the Aswan Dam and the Soviets complied. In 1956 the U.S. withdrew its help to Egypt in building the Aswan Dam and the Soviets complied. In response to the U.S. Nassser seized control of the Suez Canal. In response to the U.S. Nassser seized control of the Suez Canal.

In response Israel launched a military attack on Egypt. In response Israel launched a military attack on Egypt. England and France sent their troops to take control of the canal and Russia threatened to enter on the side of Egypt. England and France sent their troops to take control of the canal and Russia threatened to enter on the side of Egypt. Could this lead to a world war? Could this lead to a world war?

The crisis ended when Eisenhower insisted that the invaders leave Egypt. The crisis ended when Eisenhower insisted that the invaders leave Egypt. The incident demonstrated the leadership the U.S. had over its European allies. The incident demonstrated the leadership the U.S. had over its European allies. In January, 1957 President Eisenhower issued THE EISENHOWER DOCTRINE. In January, 1957 President Eisenhower issued THE EISENHOWER DOCTRINE. This declared the right of the U.S. to help, on request, any nation in the Middle East trying to resist Communist aggression. This declared the right of the U.S. to help, on request, any nation in the Middle East trying to resist Communist aggression.

Part II ATOMIC ANXIETY

I have a surprise if you’re good! It will show what atomic anxiety was all about!