Excellent ed maps can be obtained by MAD phasing.

Electrophoretic mobility Frictional coefficient Polyacrylamide gel Use fresh ammonium persulfate.

SDS-PAGE Stacking gel Resolving gel Discontinuous buffer system

1. pI (isoelectric focusing) 2 Mr (SDS-PAGE) log Mr SDS- PAGE

MWCO of dialysis tubing

DEAE-CM- affinity column Concanavalin A Gel filtration column: long Ion exchange column: medium Affinity column: small

Sedimentation velocity Centrifugal force Sedimentation coefficient 1 S= sec

Mass under nondenaturing conditions

ESI Mass Spectrum MALDI TOF Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight

One cycle of Edman degradation Mixture of PTH-aa ’ s

Performic acid oxidation and cleavage of -S-S- N-terminal sequencing Degenerate oligomer primer cDNA cloning DNA sequencing

4 Ca 2+ binding motifs in calmodulin Hybridoma cell

ELISA

Western blotting Imaging plate (IP) is 50-times more sensitive than X-ray film. Actin filaments

Gold cluster-conjugated antibody Secondary structure content

Low resolution High resolution

Spin =1/2

When R < 5 A R Chemical shift

X-ray vs NMR

DCC 항이뇨성의 Natural Synthetic

Merrifield solid-phase peptide synthesis