Mongols & Marco Polo Chapter 12.

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Presentation transcript:

Mongols & Marco Polo Chapter 12

I. Mongol Conquest Mongols were able to create the largest empire in world history Empire was larger than the land conquered by Alexander the Great, Napoleon, and Hitler combined

A. Nomadic Way of Life Pastoralists – Herded domesticated animals Mongols were always on the move in search of good pastures Became expert horse riders Were able to ride up to 120 miles a day Drank blood from their horse’s neck when food was scarce

Modern Day Nomads in Mongolia

B. Mongol Society Clans – Group of people who traveled together and claimed a common ancestor Clans were constantly fighting one another

C. Mongols are United Genghis Khan – Political and military genius who united the Mongol people

D. Genghis the Conqueror 1) Great Organizer Followed Chinese military strategies 2) Gifted Strategist Mongols were able to out smart and overpower their enemies Mongols sent small groups to attack large enemies and then retreat When the enemy gave chase the entire Mongol army appeared and crushed them

3) Used cruelty as a weapon Most cities surrendered to the Mongols without a fight Cities that refused to surrender would be slaughtered and burnt to the ground

E. Mongol Empire 1227 – Genghis Khan dies His successors are able to create an empire stretching from China to Poland

Mongol Empire

F. Mongol Peace During times of peace the Mongols were quite tolerant Pax Mongolica – Mongol peace that lasted from 1240-1360 Mongols guaranteed safe passage for traders and missionaries Silk Road – Famous trade route from the Orient to Europe

Silk Road