TAKS Flash Cards Content Review

Match the Date with the Event  1776  1787  1861  1865  Constitution was drafted.  Civil War Begins  Declaration of Independence  Civil War ends

Match the Amendments! 1122557711225577  Trial by Jury  Right to bear arms (guns)  Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition  Due Process

1776  Declaration of Independence was signed

Copy the definitions on your paper  Mayflower Compact- A document outlining principles of self-government for the colonists (1620)  Magna Carta- Written 1215, Document limited the kings power, gave it to the Parliament  English Bill of Rights in England, guaranteed citizens certain right and set a procedure for electing parliament representatives

Preparing for war  Two major alliances….  Triple Alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.  Triple Entente- France, Great Britian, and Russia.  How it goes down…….

Trench War Debriefing  1- Describe a trench. How does it work?  2- What are the advantages of a trench?  3- What are the disadvantages of a trench?

Declaration of Independence  Broke the Colonies from England, listed grievances, declared the United States a new nation, and discussed unalienable rights

Thomas Jefferson  Wrote the declaration of Independence, 3 rd president

1787  The Constitution was drafted to replace the articles of Confederation

Issues causing the American Revolution  “ No taxation without representation”; colonial protests against British policies and taxes; battles at Lexington and Concord.

George Washington  Leader of the Continental army, later first president

 American Civil war fought

American Civil war  Northern states (union) vs. Southern States (Confederates) fought over issues of slavery, states’ rights, and economic differences

Virginia House of Burgesses  First representative government assembly in the colonies (1619)

Mayflower Compact  A document outlining principles of self- government for the colonists (1620)

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut  One of the first written constitutions in the colonies (1639)

Magna Carta  Written 1215, Document limited the kings power, gave it to the Parliament

English Bill of Rights  1689 in England, guaranteed citizens certain right and set a procedure for electing parliament representatives

Unalienable rights  Cannot be taken away, life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, mentioned in the Declaration of Independence

Articles of Confederation 1781, Weak form of government, lots of states rights, cannot create taxes and no president (executive branch), first government of the United States. ANTI FEDERALISTS

U.S. Constitution  Written in 1787 ratified 1789, “we the people” (preamble), strong central government, 7 principles, FEDERALISTS

Bill of Rights  First 10 amendments (changes) to the Constitution, protect INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS, Speech (talk/ protest), press (newspaper), and jury trials.

Federalist Papers  Essays written to support the ratification (acceptance into law) of the Constitution (strong central government), written by Hamilton and Madison

Limited Government  1/7 Principles of the Constitution, Power of government is limited by rule of law and consent of the governed (citizens)

Popular Sovereignty  1/7 Principles of the Constitution, Voting, citizens express their ideas through voting

Federalism  1/7 Principles of the Constitution, Power is divided between the federal (Central) government and the State governments. Some powers are given to the central gov, others are given only to the state, and others are shared between the two.

Separation of Powers  1/7 Principles of the Constitution, the power of the government is separated into three separate branches,  Legislative: make/enact laws (Congress)  Executive: enforce laws (President)  Judicial: judges (justices) who interpret the law (supreme court)

Checks and Balances  1/7 Principles of the Constitution, each branch of the government can use checks (controls) over the other branches to maintain a balance of power. Not one branch has more power then the other.

Individual Rights  1/7 Principles of the Constitution, The rights guaranteed to individual citizens by the bill of rights and other amendments to the constitution. (Speech and Press)

Republicanism  1/7 Principles of the Constitution, Government is controlled by the people as they elect the officials through voting.

States’ rights  Idea that states had the right to control all issues/ laws in their state, used by the South to ignore the federal laws, cause of the Civil War

Free Speech and Free Press  Check on government, officials know their actions will be publicized and they will be held accountable for their actions.

Nullification Crisis  In 1832, South Carolina threatened to Secede (withdraw) from the United States if the government tried to collect tariff duties (taxes on imports) from their state. President Jackson got congress to pass a law (the force bill) saying he could use the army or navy if necessary to enforce the tariff law. South Carolina “backed down” from their threat to secede and a compromise tariff bill was passed. The civil war would start thirty years later.

13 th Amendment  FREE, slavery is illegal in the U.S.

14 th Amendment  MEN, slaves or those born in the U.S. are citizens and have equal protection under the law.

15 th Amendment  CAN VOTE, race or previous condition of slavery as a barrier to voting (males over 21)

1st Amendment  A part of the Bill of Rights:  Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition

2 nd amendment  Right to bear arms (guns)

3 rd Amendment  Quartering Soldiers (having soldiers take over your house or stay with you)

4 th Amendment  No illegal Searches and Seizures

5 th Amendment  Due Process

6 th Amendment  Speedy (And fair) trial

7 th Amendment  Trial by Jury

8 th Amendment  No excessive bail or punishment

1787  Year of the Philadelphia Convention, also known as the Constitutional Convention.

9 th Amendment  Other rights exist besides those outlined here.

10 th Amendment  Power not given to the Federal Government by the constitution belongs to the states or the people.\

 American Revolution was fought between England and the 13 colonies about laws and taxes passed without representation.