Lecture 1

What is computer? “ An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its on memory units, that can accept data (input), process data arithmetically and logically, produce output from the processing, and store the result for future use” (Shelley and Cashman, 1997)

What are the devices that make up a computer?  Printer  Mouse  Screen/Monitor  CPU  Keyboard

What does a computer do? Computer can perform four general operations. These operations comprise the information processing cycle they are: Input, process, output and Storage. Collectively, these operations describe the procedures a computer perform to process data into information and store it for future use

What does a computer do? Input All computer processing requires data. Data refers to the raw facts, including numbers, words, images and sounds, given to a computer during the input operation

What does a computer do? Process In the processing phase, the computer manipulates the data to create information. Information refers to data in a form that it has meaning and useful

What does a computer do? Output During the output operation, the information that has been created is put into some form, such as a printed report, that people can use.

What does a computer do? Storage The information can also be placed in computer storage for future use. The four operations can be reliably and quickly along these circuits in a speed of light. Computer is a powerful tool as processing can be accomplished in billionth of a second.

How does a computer know what to do? For a computer to perform the operations in the information processing cycle, it must be given a detailed set of instructions that tell exactly what to do. These instructions are called programs or software. Before processing for a specific job, the computer program must be stored in the computer. Once is stored, the program can begin to operate.

What are the component of a computer?  Input devices  The processer unit  Output devices  Auxiliary storage

What are the component of a computer? Input devices Input devices enter data into main memory. Many input devices exist. The most commonly used are the keyboard, mouse, scanners, touch pad, trackball and joystick.

What are the component of a computer? The processor unit is composed of: The central processing unit and main memory The CPU contains electronic circuits that cause processing to occur. The CPU interprets instructions to the computer, performs the logical and arithmetic processing operations, and causes the input and output operation to occur.

What are the component of a computer? Main memory also called random access memory or RAM consists of electronic components that store data including numbers, letters of the alphabet, graphics and sounds

What are the component of a computer? Output device output device produces the result from the information. The output from computer can be presented in many forms, such as a printed report or color graphics. The two output devices most commonly used are printer and monitor

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Why study computer and application software? Knowing how to use a computer is a basic skill necessary to succeed in career or to play effective roles in today’s society It is important to understand that while computers are used in many different ways, there are certain types of common application computer users need to know

Computers in Education Computer as a tool, tutee and tutor (Taylor, 1980) Tool : mod tool adalah situasi apabila komputer digunakan oleh guru atau pelajar sebagai alat (tool) untuk membuat sesuatu kerja seperti pemprosesan perkataan, grafik, pangkalan data, hamparan elektronik, persembahan dan sebagainya Tutee: komputer bertindak sebagai pelajar manakala pengguna sebagai pengajar. Dalam situasi ini, pengguna komputer akan mengajar komputer belajar atau membuat sesuatu tugasan seperti program komputer dengan menggunakan bahasa pengaturcaraan. Mod ini memerlukan pengguna mahir dengan bahasa pengaturcaraan untuk setiap perisian. Antara jenis perisian yang memainkan peranan ini adalah seperti TURBO C++, FORTRAN, dan PASCAL Tutor : komputer mengajar pelajar dengan mempersembahkan maklumat, menilai respons pelajar dan memberi maklum balas yang sesuai. Antara jenis perisian yang memainkan peranan ini adalah latih tubi, tutorial, simulasi dan permainan berbentuk pembelajaran dan penyelesaian masalah

FUNCTIONAL USE OF COMPUTERS IN EDUCATION COMPUTER IN EDUCATION MANAGEMENT INSTRUCTION AND LEARNING EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH BUDGET INVENTORY STUDENT RECORDS COMMUNICATION LIBRARY CIRCULATION LIBRARY PUBLIC ACCESS CATALOG TEACHER CENTERED INSTRUCTION STUDENT CENTERED INSTRUCTION COMPUTER LITERACY COMPUTER MANAGED INSTRUCTIO N COMPUTER ASSISTED LANGUAGE DESIGN OF TEACHING MATERIALS INFORMATIO N TOOL TEXT GRAPHICS INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND PROCESSING MULTIMEDIA AND LEARNING STATISTICAL ANALYSIS BIBLIOGRAPHIC SEARCHERS DATA RETRIEVAL