Instructor: Angela Bailey
Background An Anglo Saxon poem. First composed by an unknown poet around 700 A.D. Was in circulation as an oral narrative for many years prior. Originally written in Old English Old English originates from Germanic and Anglo-Saxon languages. Some characters, such as the royal family members, correspond to actual historical figures. A pagan story with a Christian narrator.
Background 30,000 lines of Anglo-Saxon poetry survive today 3, 182 (10%) of the lines are from Beowulf Setting - Denmark and Sweden Author - Unknown, probably a monk Composed in the 7th or 8th century Oldest surviving English poem
Old English
The Title Anglo-Saxon word Beo means “bright” or “noble” Anglo-Saxon word wulf means “wolf” Beowulf means bright or noble wolf Other sources say Beo means “bear”
Characters Beowulf King Hrothgar Grendel Grendel’s Mother Unferth
Beowulf Epic hero Geat (from southern Sweden) Nephew of Higlac (King at story’s start) Sails to Denmark to help Hrothgar
Hrothgar Danish king Builds Herot (banquet hall) for men Tormented by Grendel for 12 years Loses many men to Grendel Joyless before Beowulf’s arrival
Grendel Referred to as demon and fiend Haunts the moors (swampy land) Descendant of Cain Feasts on 30 men the night of 1st attack
Grendel’s Mother Referred to as she-wolf Lives under a lake Challenges Hrothgar when she kills one of his best men
Themes Theme: the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. The Heroic Code vs. Other Value Systems A Good Warrior vs. A Good King Establishing Identity