ALSO CALLED SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION PERIODIC MOTION.

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Presentation transcript:

ALSO CALLED SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION PERIODIC MOTION

I. Periodic motion Motion that repeats a regular cycle.  Pendulum  Vibrating guitar string  Mass on a spring bobbing up and down Cycle  When an object is in motion and it returns to its starting position. Period (T)  Amount of time needed for one complete cycle Amplitude  Maximum distance the object goes from equilibrium

Examples 1 cycle Equilibrium Amplitude Equilibrium Amplitude 1 cycle

II. Hooke’s Law Hooke’s Law deals with a mass on a spring  F s = -kx  F s is the force on a spring  k is the spring constant (how springy a spring is)  x is the distance from equilibrium the spring is either compressed or stretched. Potential Energy on a spring  PE sp = ½ k x 2

Example A spring on a scale stretches 18 cm when a 5.7 kg bag of potatoes is hung from the scale. Find: kk  PE sp

III. Types of waves Transverse Wave  Most kinds of waves are transverse waves. In a transverse wave, as the wave is moving in one direction, it is creating a disturbance in a perpendicular direction.

IV. Speed of a wave V= d/t Or you could use the wave equation:  v =  f  v is the velocity of waves  is the wavelength  f is the frequency of the wave.  Frequency is the number of waves that pass a point in 1 sec.  Measured in Hertz (Hz)  f = cycles/time  f = 1/t and t = 1/f (t = period)

Electromagnetic Spectrum Most wave are transverse waves.  Most do NOT require a medium to travel Most are on the electromagnetic spectrum  They all go the same speed in space (3.0 x 10 8 m/s)

V. Wave Behavior Reflection  When a wave bounces off an object Refraction  When a wave bends through an object because the speed changes Diffraction  When waves bend around an object Interference  When 2 or more waves add together to form a new one  Constructive  Destructive