Improving Sentence Style Using Parallel Structure

When you join several equal or related ideas in a sentence, it is important that you express these ideas in a similar way. You can do this by balancing the structure (syntax) of your sentence parts. For example, balance an adjective with an adjective, a phrase with a phrase, and a clause with a clause. This is called parallel structure.

Not parallel: He learned three things: shooting, passing, and how to dribble. (2 gerunds and a phrase = not parallel) Parallel: He learned three things: shooting, passing, and dribbling. (3 gerunds = parallel)

Not parallel: A good coach must learn to communicate with players, to organize a schedule, and adversity. (2 phrases and a noun = not parallel) Parallel: A good coach must learn to communicate with players, to organize a schedule, and to handle adversity. (3 phrases = parallel)

Exercises Directions: Number 1-5 and label the following sentences parallel or not parallel.

1. I traveled to Europe last summer, and I visited Greece and explored Athens.

2. Athens, the capital of Greece, is known for its ancient ruins, busy lifestyle, and enjoying fine Greek food.

3. Because it is nearly three thousand years old and its rich history, Athens attracts many visitors each year.

4. People often drive very fast in Athens and scare the pedestrians.

5. I like seeing the sights in Athens to learn about its history.

The Answers 1. Parallel

2. Not parallel Correction: Athens, the capital of Greece, is known for its ancient ruins, busy lifestyle, and fine Greek food.

3. Not parallel Correction: Because it is nearly three thousands years old and has a rich history, Athens attracts many visitors.

4. Parallel

` 5. Not parallel Correction: I like seeing the sights in Athens and learning about its history.