Boreal forests, aerosols and the impacts on clouds and climate by Dominick V Spracklen, Boris Bonn, and Kenneth S Carslaw Philosophical Transactions A.

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Boreal forests, aerosols and the impacts on clouds and climate by Dominick V Spracklen, Boris Bonn, and Kenneth S Carslaw Philosophical Transactions A Volume 366(1885): December 28, 2008 ©2008 by The Royal Society

A simplified schematic of the impacts of increased forestation on climate. Dominick V Spracklen et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2008;366: ©2008 by The Royal Society

Boreal forests (dark grey) are an extensive ecosystem covering over 15 million km2 of northern Siberia, North America and northern Europe and constitute about one-third of global forest cover. Dominick V Spracklen et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2008;366: ©2008 by The Royal Society

Observed aerosol size distribution (dN/d log Dp in cm−3) at the Hyytiälä observatory (61°51′ N, 24°7′ E) located in extensive boreal forest in southern Finland during spring Dominick V Spracklen et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2008;366: ©2008 by The Royal Society

Summertime (June–August) mean concentrations (cm−3) of CCN (0.2% supersaturation) in simulations with (a) boreal forest terpene emissions, (b) boreal forest terpene emissions replaced with emissions from C3 Arctic grasslands (approx. 2% of forest emissions)... Dominick V Spracklen et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2008;366: ©2008 by The Royal Society

Combined boreal forest climate feedbacks. Dominick V Spracklen et al. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2008;366: ©2008 by The Royal Society