University of Utah 1 Quest for a “Personal” Computer!

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Presentation transcript:

University of Utah 1 Quest for a “Personal” Computer!

University of Utah 2 Two forces at work Top-down -Time-sharing and interactivity Bottom-up -Personal calculators -Improvements in microchips When shall the twain meet?

University of Utah 3 Reflect a bit... Intel 4004 and What applications were they originally designed for?

University of Utah 4 Reflect a bit... Intel's mentality -General-purpose microprocessors -Special-purpose software burned into ROM -Sell more chips! $$$

University of Utah 5 Development Systems “Cross compiler” -A compiler that generates code for a machine OTHER than the one it's running on! -Write on a minicomputer, compile for a 8008!

University of Utah 6 Development Systems Intellec-4 (1974) Intellec-8 (1974) -No need for cross compiling anymore!

University of Utah 7 The Bitter Irony Intellec-4 and Intellec-8 were general purpose microcomputers! -Intel did not realize it -Not sold to the public

University of Utah 8 The Bitter Irony Intellec-4 and Intellec-8 were general purpose microcomputers! -Intel did not realize it -Not sold to the public WHY?

University of Utah 9 About the same time... MICRAL (1973) Intel 8008 processor -$2,000 -Not seen as “personal”

University of Utah More on MICRAL Invented by Thi T. Truong Programmed by Philippe Kahn -Founder of Borland!!

University of Utah Hobbyists Electronics Magazines -QST -Popular Electronics -Radio Electronics

University of Utah Hobbyists Electronics Magazines -Advertised “do it yourself” kits to build small computers Kenbak-1 (1971) Scelbi-8H (1974) Mark-8 (1974)

University of Utah Altair 8800 Popular Electronics (Jan 1975)

University of Utah Altair 8800 Made by MITS -“Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems” Forrest Mims and Ed Roberts

University of Utah Altair 8800 Why was it “successful?” -Intel 8080 processor -Bus -Expansion slots

University of Utah Define “success”? MITS expected to sell hundreds Received >1000 orders first month -Backlog -Quality suffers

University of Utah Define “success”? Peripherals -Memory -Teletype -Keyboard/TV -Paper tape readers -Cassette tape I/O -Disk drives Most were not sold by MITS!

University of Utah Define “success”? Users groups Magazines Retail stores

University of Utah Altair's Legacy Not much by itself, but... It was the “spark” that set off the home computer revolution. -NOT the Intellec's -NOT the other hobbyist kits

University of Utah Gallery

University of Utah Gallery

University of Utah Gallery

University of Utah Gallery

University of Utah Demo

University of Utah “Test Question” On a scrap of paper, write a question that encapsulates one of the points from today's class, and turn it in. (Put your name on it!)