Energy: Conservation and Transfer

 Energy can be transferred from one system to another or to the environment in different ways.  It is transferred through a material by the collisions of the atoms in that material.

Mechanical energy -when two objects push or pull on each other over a distance -Sum of the energy in a mechanical system -combination of potential and kinetic energy

Electrical energy when an electrical source such as a battery or generator is connected in a complete circuit to an electrical device Electromagnetic Waves -radiation travels as electromagnetic waves -light, microwaves, x-rays, and TV and radio transmissions

Study Jam- Heat Click Here

 Light and other electromagnetic waves can warm objects › How much it’s temperature increases depends on:  Intensity of the light  Duration- How long it shines on it  Absorption- How much light is absorbed

 When light interacts with matter it is either: › Absorbed › Reflected › Transmitted

 The sun is a major source of energy for changes on the earth’s surface › It loses energy by emitting light › Only a tiny fraction of light reaches the earth (transferring energy from the sun to the earth)

 Arrives as light with a range of wavelengths consisting of: › Visible Spectrum › Infrared light › Ultraviolet Light

 The portion of electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to human eyes  Called Visible light or simply light  Mr. Parr Electromagnetic Spectrum- Click Here Mr. Parr Electromagnetic Spectrum- Click Here

 Has longer wavelengths than visible light  Most often detected by is heating effect  Used in Space Exploration and Satellite Imaging

 shorter wavelengths that visible light  Same type of waves used in tanning bed lights  Cause Sunburn  Most of these are blocked from reaching us by the ozone but some days more are able to get past  UV Index › Created to help people protect themselves from these harmful waves

 Study Jam- Energy and Matter- Click Here Study Jam- Energy and Matter- Click Here

 Total potential and kinetic energy of the particles in an object

 Heat is transferred from one particle to another without the movement of matter  Particles must be in contact Mr. Parr Heat Transfer

 The expanding of a material when heated  As the thermal energy of matter increases, its particles spread out and the substance expands.

 As the thermal energy of matter is lost, the particles of the matter move closer together.

 The energy of electric charges  Can be kinetic (used) or potential (stored)  Examples: lightening, batteries, power lines

 Transfers thermal energy well  Conducts heat  Examples of good conductors: metals and tile floors Copper Wire

 Does not transfer thermal energy well  Does not conduct heat  Examples of good insulators: wood, wool, straw, paper, gases in the air, clothes, blankets

 Geothermal Heating Systems, Solar Panels, Electricity, and a whole lot more  These technologies use thermal (heat) energy and electrical energy to power things

Mr. Parr Conservation of Energy

Mr. Parr The Heating song