Vertebrates & Invertebrates SC standards: 6-3.1  Compare the characteristic structures of invertebrate animals (including sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods) and vertebrate animals (fish amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals)

The Animal Kingdom Multi-cellular (has many cells) Cannot make their own food, they are heterotrophs (must get energy by eating plants and other animals Are either vertebrates or invertebrates Vertebrates fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds or mammals Invertebrates sponges, segmented worms, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods

Vertebrates ANIMALS WITH A BACKBONE! Shared characteristics of vertebrates: Backbone Protective skin covering Inside skeleton Muscles Blood that circulates through blood vessels Lungs or gills for breathing

Vertebrates are divided into 5 groups: Fish Amphibians Reptiles Mammals Birds

Vertebrate- Fish Have backbones Cold-blooded (ectothermic) Obtain oxygen in water through gills Most lay eggs Have scales Have fins Live in water

Vertebrate- Amphibians Have backbones Cold-blooded (ectothermic) Can breathe in water with gills early in life and breathe on land with lungs as adults Lay jelly-like eggs Major groups are frogs, toads, and salamanders

Vertebrate- Reptiles Have backbones Cold-blooded (ectothermic) Breathe with lungs Most lay eggs In some reptiles the eggs hatch inside the mother Have scales or plates

Vertebrates- Mammals Have backbones Warm-blooded (endothermic) Breathe with lungs Have babies that are born alive Have fur or hair Produce milk to feed their young

Vertebrates- Birds Have backbones Are warm-blooded (endothermic) Breathe with lungs Lay eggs Have feathers Have a beak Two wings Two feet

Invertebrates- ANIMALS WITHOUT A BACKBONE! 90% of ALL animals are invertebrates Largest group of invertebrates are the arthropods

Invertebrates- Sponges Very simple animals Have many pores (holes) through which water flows Water moves into a ventral cavity and out through a hole in the top Sponges obtain their food and eliminate wastes through this passage of water Live in fresh or salt water

Invertebrates- Segmented Worms Have long tube-like bodies that are divided into segments Simplest organisms with a true nervous system Have a long digestive tube that runs down the length of the worm’s body Examples: earthworms and leeches

Invertebrates- Echinoderms Similar parts (arms) that extend from the middle body outwards They have tube feet and spines Examples: starfish, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, or sea urchins

Invertebrates- Arthropods Have jointed legs Live on land and in water Have hard outer coverings called exoskeletons Have segmented bodies and some have wings Examples: insects, spiders, and crustaceans

Invertebrates- Mollusks Have soft bodies Most have a thick muscular foot for movement or to open and close their shells Live in salt or fresh water or on land Some have shells Examples: snails, clams and octopi