HOW TO PUT A NEW FACE ON GLOBAL DISASTER RESILIENCE May 1, 2012 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

PUTTING A NEW FACE ON DISASTER RESILIENCE DURING THE 21 st CENTURY CREATING CHANGE WITH POWERFUL EDUCATIONAL SURGES THAT CAN BENEFIT 7 BILLION PEOPLE

THE STATE OF THE WORLD REALITY: 200 Nations and 7+ Billion People are Investing Over 6 Trillion Dollars Each Year in Urban Development and Billions in Education. REALITY: Each Year, approximately 900 Events Cause Exponentially Increasing Economic losses in the $ Billions With Large Tolls in Mortality, Morbidity, & the Homeless.

THE WAY FORWARD GLOBAL EDUCATIONAL SURGES BY COMMUNITIES LINKED STRATEGICALLY AND TACTICALLY THROUGHOUT THE WORLD GLOBAL EDUCATIONAL SURGES BY COMMUNITIES LINKED STRATEGICALLY AND TACTICALLY THROUGHOUT THE WORLD

ALL COMMUNITIES CAN BE LINKED STRATEGICALLY AND TACTICALLY 200 NATIONS AND 7+ BILLION PEOPLE 200 NATIONS AND 7+ BILLION PEOPLE NORTH AMERICA NORTH AMERICA CARIBBEAN BASIN CARIBBEAN BASIN SUB-SAHARA AFRICA SUB-SAHARA AFRICA MEDITER- RANEAN MEDITER- RANEAN ISLAND NATIONS ISLAND NATIONS ASIA SOUTH AMERICA SOUTH AMERICA EUROPE

SURGES WITH POWER A WELL- DESIGNED GLOBAL EDUCATONAL SURGE WILL HAVE INFINITE ENERGY LIKE A TSUNAMI OR THE STORM SURGE OF A CYCLONE, TYPHOON, OR A HURRICANE

SURGES WITH GLOBAL POWER GLOBAL SURGES THAT PENETRATE ALL SECTORS OF A COMMUNITY WILL BUILD CAPACITY FOR REDUCING THE COMMUNITY’S DISASTERS TO ZERO DURING THE DECADE OF THE 2010’s

THE GOAL OF EVERY COMMUNITY NO DISASTERS IN A WORLD WHERE… NATURAL HAZARDS (E.G., FLOODS, SEVERE WINDSTORMS, EARTHQUAKES, DROUGHTS) ARE INEVITABLE AND DISASTERS OCCUR EVERY YEAR. NO DISASTERS IN A WORLD WHERE… NATURAL HAZARDS (E.G., FLOODS, SEVERE WINDSTORMS, EARTHQUAKES, DROUGHTS) ARE INEVITABLE AND DISASTERS OCCUR EVERY YEAR.

THE GOAL OF EVERY COMMUNITY STRATEGIC/TACTICAL CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN THE GOALS OF SURVIVAL AND SUSTAINABILITY, AND GOALS RELATED TO ECONOMIC ENTERPRISE, ENERGY, EDUCATION, ENVIRONMENT, AND ECOLOGY STRATEGIC/TACTICAL CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN THE GOALS OF SURVIVAL AND SUSTAINABILITY, AND GOALS RELATED TO ECONOMIC ENTERPRISE, ENERGY, EDUCATION, ENVIRONMENT, AND ECOLOGY

F A C E IS THE KEY F A C E IS THE KEY FRAMEWORK OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY! ALIGNMENT OF COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL RESOURCES! CHANGES IN THINKING! EDUCATION THAT BUILDS CAPACITY FOR INNOVATIVE POWERFUL SURGES!

COLLECT GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE TO DESIGN REALISTIC EDUCATIONAL SURGES COLLECT GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE TO DESIGN REALISTIC EDUCATIONAL SURGES SEED BED FOR SURGES THAT MEET COMMUNITY NEEDS SEED BED FOR SURGES THAT MEET COMMUNITY NEEDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION POLICY IMPLEMENTATION POLICY IMPLEMENTATION SUSTAINABLE ENTERPRISE SUSTAINABLE ENTERPRISE NATURAL & TECH. HAZARDS NATURAL & TECH. HAZARDS CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES

A PLAN FOR GLOBAL A PLAN FOR GLOBAL SURGES - Perspectives SURGES - Perspectives On Science, Policy, On Science, Policy, And EDUC. And EDUC.

HOW TO FAIL FACT: NO COMMUNITY CAN BECOME DISASTER RESILIENT BY WORKING ALONE. FACT: NO COMMUNITY CAN BECOME DISASTER RESILIENT BY WORKING ALONE. FACT: NO COMMUNITY CAN BECOME DISASTER RESILIENT BY WORKING ALONE. GOALS:GOALS: NO DISASTER RESILIENCE NO CAPACITY FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE NO SURGES TO BUILD CAPACITY

HOW TO SUCCEED SOCIALSCIENCESOCIALSCIENCE PHYSICAL SCIENCES ENGINEERINGSCIENCESENGINEERINGSCIENCES SUCCESS: INCREASE DISASTER RESILIENCE IN EVERY COMMUNITY STRATEGIC GOAL: WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE CAPACITY IN EVERY COMMUNITY, NATION, AND REGION

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES ISLAND NATIONS BUILD ON CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF NATIONS Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Risks BUILD CAPACITY FOR EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT IMPROVE COMMUNICATIONS TO REDUCE ISOLATION INCREASE AND IMPROVE PARTNERSHIPS FOCUS ON PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS., (E.G., BUILD- ING CODES, EVACUATION) DEVELOP BUSINESS ENTERPRISE TO BREAK POVERTY CYCLE INCREASE RESILIENCE OF COMMUNITIES BY REDUCING VULMERABILITIES IMPROVE PUBLIC EDUCATION AND AWARENESS

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Risks REDUCE PHYSICAL, SOCIAL, AND ENTERPRISE VULNERABILITIES ACCELERATE EDUCATION (WITH FOCUS ON RISK REDUCTION TECHNIQUES INCREASE CAPACITY TO MITIGATE DAMAGE/LOSS OF ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS EXPAND PUBLIC HEALTH CAPABILITIE S IMPROVE CAPACITY FOR PERFORMING LOSS ESTIMATIONS ESTABLISH AN AFRICAN CENTER OF EXCELLENCE ON SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT ESTABLISH SUB-REGIONAL CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE ON SUSTAINABILE DEVELOPMENT

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES CARIBBEAN BASIN NATIONS INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS OF SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL RISKS Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster risks INCREASE UNDERSTANDING OF RISK REDUCTION ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON ISLAND- SPECIFIC SCALES ASSESS AND REDUCE VULNERABILITIES ON COMMUNITY SCALES IMPROVE PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IMPROVE ALL PHASES OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT CONTINUE BUILDING BASIN- WIDE PARTNERSHIPS

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES EUROPE IMPROVE EARLY WARNING AND EARLY RESPONSE Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Risks IMPROVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO NATURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS INCREASE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRAMS FROM THOUGHTS TO ACTIONS TO CHANGE POLICIES AND PRACTICES TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE SOCIETAL DEVELOPMENT CREATE A FORUM ON DISAS- TER RISK REDUCTION

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES MEDITERRANEAN REGION INCREASE PUBLIC AWARENESS Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Risks IMPROVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT REDUCE VULNERABILITIES TO NATURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS INCREASE PROTECTION OF PEOPLE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE ADVANCE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRAMS EMPOWER POLITICAL WILL TO IMPLEMENT AREGIONAL BUILDING CODE TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT CONTINUE IMPROVING PARTNERSHIPS FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT REGIONS TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT REGIONS ASIA IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Risks IMPROVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT REDUCE URBAN VULNERABILITIES IMPROVE DATA MANAGEMENT FORMATION OF CENTERS OF EXCELLENCE IMPROVE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS SYSTEMSWork on IMPROVE MONITORING SYSTEMS IMPROVE PREVENTION & MITIGATION STRATEGIES

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES THE AMERICAS IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO AVOID DISASTERS AS PART OF LAND-USE PLANNING Global Surges Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Risks IMPROVE CAPABILITY TO MATCH STRUCTURAL DESIGN WITH HAZARD DEMAND IMPROVE EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS, RESPONE, AND RECOVERY IMPROVE DISASTER SCENARIOS IMPROVE PUBLIC AWARENESS AND EDUCATION IMPROVE HAZARD CHARACTERIZATION MODELS AND MAPS REDUCE URBAN VULNERABILITIES IMPROVE ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENTS

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES THE AMERICAS (CONTINUED) IMPROVE MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS MODELS TO MANAGE RISK Global Surges: Focus on Solutions For Reducing Disaster Risks IMPROVE THE NEXT GENERATION OF BUILDING CODES AND STANDARDS IMPROVE UNDERSTANDING OF INTERACTION OF HAZARD AND BUILT ENVIRONMENTS INCREASED COLLECTION AND SHARING OF KNOWLEDGE IMPROVE DATA COLLECTION AND MANAGEMENT IMPROVE PROCESS FOR SHARING KNOWLEDGE AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES EXPAND MULTIPLE EFFORTS IN CAPACITY BUILDING CLOSE “IMPLEMENTATION GAPS“

TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITIES INNOVATIVE IMPLEMENTATION IS THE KEY OUTREACH BY KNOWLEDGE PRODUCING ORGANIZATIONS Global Surges: Focus on Success; FAILURE IS NOT AN OPTION ! COUNTER-DISASTER TRAINING OF RESPONSIBLE PERSONS PUBLIC AWARENESS TO GAIN SUPPORT FOR A SUSTAINED IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS COORDINATED BUSINESS POLICIES AND PRACTICES COORDINATED GOVERNMENT POLICES, PRACTICES, AND LEGISLATION IMPROVED TRANS-BORDER LINKAGES BETWEEN COUNTRIES IMPROVED LEVERAGING OF EXISTING INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS COMMUNICATION!

SOME STARTING POINTS POWERFUL EDUCATIONAL SURGES DISASTER RESILIENT SCHOOLS CAPACITY FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE POWERFUL EDUCATIONAL SURGES DISASTER RESILIENT SCHOOLS CAPACITY FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION REQUIRES A “24/7” SURGE PREVENTION (CONTROL THE OUTCOME) PROTECTION (ABLE TO WITHSTAND) LAND-USE CONTROL (AVOIDANCE) PREVENTION (CONTROL THE OUTCOME) PROTECTION (ABLE TO WITHSTAND) LAND-USE CONTROL (AVOIDANCE)

TOWARDS POWERFUL GLOBAL EDUCATIONAL SURGES FOR COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE CREATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GLOBAL ED. SURGES EUROPEEUROPEASIAASIA MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN SUB-SAHARAAFRICASUB-SAHARAAFRICA CARIBBEANBASINCARIBBEANBASIN ISLAND NATIONS THE AMERICAS

GLOBAL RESOURCES GLOBAL RESOURCES GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR ACADEMIA FUNCTIONAL NETWORKING CHANNELS INFORMATION NETWORKING CHANNELS ORGANIZATION NETWORKING CHANNELS GLOBAL ED. SURGES COMMUNITYSTAKEHOLDERS Stratec Consulting

CRITERIA FOR MEASURING CHANGE IN THE PURSUIT OF DISASTER RESILIENCE INNOVATIVE DESIGN IS THE FIRST STEP TOWARDS SUCCESS

IT IS ALWAYS APPROPRIATE TO USE THE “ BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE” WHEN DESIGNING DISASTER RESILIENCE

BOOK OF BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE - Perspectives KNOWLEDGE - Perspectives On Science, Policy, On Science, Policy, And Change And Change

THERE IS ALWAYS NEW MATERIAL FROM THE LAST GLOBAL DISASTER FOR A NEW SURGE FLOODS SEVERE WINDSTORMS EARTHQUAKES/TSUNAMIS DROUGHTS LANDSLIDES WILDFIRES VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE TERRORISM LACK OF TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL CAPACITY TO COPE FAILURE TO USE GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE COMMUNITY VULNERABILITIES COMMUNITY VULNERABILITIES

DESIGN GOALS FOR THE PURSUIT OF DISASTER RESILIENCE DESIGN GOALS FOR THE PURSUIT OF DISASTER RESILIENCE THE KNOWLEDGE BASE Alternative Practices Increased Knowledge, and Understanding Seismic Characterization Vulnerability Classifications Event-Action Capability Collect, Store and Process Data Interface with Other Information Sources Cause & Effect Relationships CAPACITY BUILDING Implementation Skills Multi-Sector Partnerships Skill for Building and Using the Knowledge base Able to Access data from Remote Sites Skill for Designing Menu Driven Systems CONTINUING EDUCATION Updated “Up –Close” and “Distance” Learning Updated Knowledge Bases After Each Disaster Updated Disaster Scenarios Multi-Sector Cooperation Toolboxes for Disaster Reduction AN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR DELIVERING KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION CONTINUOISLY OVER TIME AN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR DELIVERING KNOWLEDGE AND INFORMATION CONTINUOISLY OVER TIME

TURNING POINTS FOR CHANGE EDUCATION PENETRATES SOCIETY FROM IGNORANCE TO ENLIGHTENMENT FROM APATHY TO EMPOWERMENT FROM BOUNDARIES TO SEAMLESS ENABLEMENT OF POLITICAL WILL PRINCIPLES FOR BUILDING A DISASTER RESILIENT COMMUNITY S

TACTICAL SUCCESS Planning for “right now” while designing “hope” in realistic plans for the future leads to the greater good in a global perspective.

LEVERAGING SUCCESS Leverage the "World's Mutual Fund for Education," (i.e., the in- country resources already invested in education in the budget of every nation )

SUCCESS WITH THE DIFFICULT LOCATIONS Intensified efforts in the “difficult locations” (i.e., Haiti, Sub-Saharan Africa; some Latin American, Asian, and Eastern European countries) will be more successful.

SUCCESS IN ACCELERATING THE PROCESS Accelerated transfer of ownership of knowledge and technology speeds up the disaster-resilient design of community habitats, safe havens, business enter- prise, and infrastructure.

SUCCESS IN ENERGIZING A POWERFUL GLOBAL ED. SURGE Enlisting, equipping, and linking legions of profess- ionals in every country is the source of energy for an endless continuum of “global ed. surges.”

THE ULTIMATE MEASURE: “ DID WE IMPROVE ON THE PAST?”

2009’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE THE YEAR OF EL NINO 8 ATLANTIC STORMS: IDA; 8 PACIFIC STORMS: RICK, … 11 TYPHOONS: MORAKOT, KETSANA, PARMA, … EARTHQUAKES IN ITALY, AM. SAMOA, AND INDONESIA WILDFIRES IN CALIFORNIA, GREECE,AND AUSTRALIA FLOODS: USA, ITALY, TURKEY, ENGLAND, … NEW OPPOR- TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

2008’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE CYCLONE NARGIS IN MYANMAR WENCHUAN, CHINA EARTHQUAKE FLOODS: MIDWESTERN USA 16 ATLANTIC STORMS: FAY, GUSTAV, HANNA, IKE, … WILDFIRES IN CALIFORNIA ERUPTION OF VOLCANO CHAITEN, CHILE NEW OPPOR- TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

2007’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE GLOBAL FLOODS: CHINA, MEXICO, SE ASIA, USA, … EARTHQUAKES IN INDONESIA,PERU, JAPAN 14 TYPHOONS: MAN-YI, PABUK, SEPAT,,… 17 ATLANTIC STORMS: DEAN, FELIX,WIPHA, … WILDFIRES IN EUROPE AND CALIFORNIA DROUGHTS; HEAT WAVES IN EUROPE, USA NEW OPPOR- TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

2006’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE THE YEAR OF EL NINO AND A BERMUDA HIGH 22 PACIFIC TYPHOONS: BILIS, PRAPIROON, SAOMAI FLOODS: ELBE, DANUBE, USA, N KOREA, MALAYSIA, CHINA 9 ATLANTIC STORMS: HELENE, GORDON, … 13 CYCLONES: GLENDA, LARRY, MONICA, … QUAKES: GUJARAT, INDIA,; HAWAII, KAMCHATKA, … NEW OPPOR- TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT WILDFIRES: AUSTRALIA, CALIFORNIA

2005’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 28 ATLANTIC TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES HURRICANES KATRINA, RITA, STAN, AND WILMA ERUPTION S: ILAMATEPEC IN El SALVADOR; MERAPI PAKISTAN EARTHQUAKE 13 TYPHOONS: HAITANG, LONGWANG, MATSA, … FLOODS: ROMANIA, AUSTRIA, GERMANY, GUJARAT, … NEW OPPOR- TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT PORTUGAL WILDFIRES

2004’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE ATLANTIC STORMS: BONNIE, CHARLIE, IVAN, JEANNE INDONESIA EARTHQUAKE AUSTRALIAN REGION CYCLONES: MEENA, NANCY TYPHOONS MEGI, CHABA, SONGDA,TOKAGE, WINNIE INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI FLOODS: INDIA, PAKISTAN, BANGLADESH, NEPAL NEW OPPOR- TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT NIIGATA EARTHQUAKE AND LANDSLIDES

2003’s CONTRIBUTION TO DISASTER KNOWLEDGE 21 STORMS; HURRICANES FABIAN, ISABEL, AND JUAN BAM, IRAN AND BOUR- MEDES, ALGERIA QUAKES 15 PACIFIC TYPHOONS; SIX INDIAN OCEAN CYCLONES SANTA FE ARGENTINA FLOOD OKANAGAN WILDFIRE: BRITISH COLOMBIA, CANADA EUROPEAN HEAT WAVE NEW OPPOR- TUNITIES FOR BUILDING CAPACITY NEW KNOWLEDGE FOR MAKING COMMUNITIES DISASTER RESILIENT NORTH AMERICAN BLIZZARD