Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 1 Radiation Safety Study Guide.

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Presentation transcript:

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 1 Radiation Safety Study Guide

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 2 Radiation What is radiation?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 3 Nonionizing What are 4 types of nonionizing radiation?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 4 Ionizing What are 2 types of ionizing radiation?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 5 Radiation What is the difference between ionizing and nonionizing radiation?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 6 Nucleus Electron Orbital path Atomic Structure Define Nucleus: Define Electrons: What are atoms held together by?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 7 Types of Ionizing Radiation What are types of ionizing radiation that are important in healthcare setting?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 8 Sources of Exposure What are the sources of exposure to ionizing radiation?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 9 Sources of Exposure What are some examples of environmental radiation?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 10 Sources of Exposure What are some examples of medical sources?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 11 What are the characteristics of x- rays? X-Ray

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 12 State the penetrating needs for steel, and the human body: Rays come from outside the body, but cause damage inside the body. X-Ray

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 13 Sources of Exposure

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 14 Biological Effects of Radiation What is allowable background exposure per year? What do the effects on body depend on:

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 15 Biological Effects of Radiation What do effects from external source depend on? -Penetrating ability Alpha Beta Gamma or x-ray Electron

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 16 Biological Effects of Radiation Parent cell Cell division Normal cells

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 17 Biological Effects of Radiation Irradiated cell Cell division Cells damaged Parent cell

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 18 Biological Effects of Radiation What are the somatic effects of radiation? What are the genetic effects of radiation?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 19 Biological Effects of Radiation List the sensitive cells, from most sensitive to least sensitive:

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 20 Biological Effects of Radiation List the sources of health hazard data:

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 21 Units of Measurement What are the units of measure associated with radiology?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 22 Roentgen (R) Exposure to x-rays and gamma rays in air is expressed in:

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 23 Roentgen Adsorbed Dose Describe RAD:

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 24 Roentgen Equivalent Man Describe REM:

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 25 Units of Measurement List the what the effect of ionizing radiation is determined by:

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 26 Standards and Guides Why is there a difference between occupational limits and public health limits? Occupational limits Public health limits Dose limits

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 27 Standards and Guides What is the permissible dose for the whole body, per quarter? What is the permissible dose for hands, forearms, and feet, per quarter? What in the permissible dose for the skin of whole body per quarter?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 28 Standards and Guides What should be posted in a radiation area? What should be posted in a high radiation area? What areas are to be labeled? Posting Requirements

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 29 Standards and Guides What is the Universal symbol?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 30 Monitoring Instruments What are the 3 monitoring instruments?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 31 Monitoring Instruments List 3 things that personal monitoring might include:

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 32 Basic Safety Factors What 3 things aid in keeping exposures As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA)?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 33 Basic Safety Factors How does time affect ALARA?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 34 Basic Safety Factors  Distance:  Inverse square law: by doubling the distance from a source, the exposure is decreased by a factor of 4. I 1 R 1 2 = I 2 R 2 2

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 35 Basic Safety Factors I 1 R 1 2 = I 2 R 2 2 Inverse Square Law I 1 = initial intensity R 1 = initial distance R 2 = new distance I 2 = new intensity

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 36 Basic Safety Factors Inverse Square Law If a source emits 10 mR/hour at a distance of 1 foot, what is the exposure level at 4 feet away? I 2 = I 1 x (R 1 2 / R 2 2 ) I 2 = 5 mR/hour x ( 1ft 2 / 16 ft 2 ) I 2 = mR/hour

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 37 Basic Safety Factors How does shielding affect ALARA?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 38 Basic Safety Factors Shielding

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 39 Basic Safety Factors Shielding

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 40 Nonionizing Radiation What are two forms of nonionizing radiation?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 41 Biological Effects What types of light do lasers emit?

Ferris State University & Michigan Department of Career Development 42 Safety Factors What are made for a specific wavelength of laser light? You should make sure the safety glasses are specifically rated to what?