 Annex- to add or attach  Negotiate- arrange the terms of something, or to have a discussion in order to bring about an agreement  Provisional- way of describing something for the time being, or temporary  Ratification- act of consenting to officially approve  Treaty- a formal agreement, especially one between nations

 Leaders in Washington were concerned that Hawaii might become a part of an European nation’s empire.

 Britain and France sign treaty with Hawaii.  Britain and France forced Hawaii to accept treaties giving them economic privileges.

 U.S. informs Hawaii that they oppose annexation by any other nation.  Secretary of State Daniel Webster sent a letter to Hawaiian agents in Washington confirming the United States’ interest in Hawaii, and that they were opposed to Hawaii being annexed by any other nation.

 U.S and Hawaii sign treaty.

 U.S dominates the economy and politics of Hawaii.  This is mostly due to the sugar cane production.

 Queen Liliuokalani moved to Hawaii to establish a stronger monarchy.

 Queen Lili’s reign ended.  Under the leadership of Samuel Dole, the United States ended her reign.

 McKinley’s campaign was to annex Hawaii.  McKinley wanted the U.S. to have control of Hawaii to keep any foreign powers from interfereing.

 Treaty of Annexation of Hawaii signed and sent to U.S. Senate.  It was sent to the U.S. Senate for ratification (approval).

 Hawaii Senate ratify treaty.

 Senator Morgan visits Hawaii and makes speeches in favor of the annex.  Morgan tried to convince the Hawaiians that becoming American citizens would improve their conditions, because the Americans just wanted to protect them from foreign powers.

 Hawaiian loyalists gather to protest the annexation.  U.S. Senate debated secretly.

 Treaty stalled in U.S Senate.

 Treaty does not pass the Senate.

 Hawaii becomes a United States territory, but becomes a state in 1959.