 Corticosteroids  Estrogens and Progesterone  Androgens

 Any of the natural or synthetic hormones associated with the adrenal cortex, which influences or controls key processes of the body, as carbohydrate and protein metabolism, electrolyte and water balance, and the functions of the cardiovascular system, the skeletal muscle, the kidneys, and other organs.  These steroids are found in prescription and non- prescription creams and ointments that control rashes and itching. Two common trade names are Cortaid(R) and Lanacort(R).

 These are the female sex hormones. They are responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in women and maintain the female reproductive system.  Estrogens and progesterones are the active ingredients in prescription birth control tablets.

 Testosterone is the androgen that leads to the development of male secondary sexual characteristics and maintains the male reproductive system.  Testosterone is commonly prescribed in the treatment of female breast cancer, androgen deficiency, and for stimulation of growth, weight gain, and red blood cell production. These are commonly known as "anabolic steroids" because they promote muscle growth. They are also commonly used to help patients recover from a surgery and cancer treatment that resulted in damage to muscle tissue.

 Arnolds  Gym Candy  Pumpers  Roids  Stackers  Juice  Gear  Weight Trainers

 Anabolic Steroids are sold on the street, purchased on the internet, or bought over the phone.  Illegally imported from China.  Shipped in a powder form and then mixed with baby oil, cooking oil, Wesson oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, and sometimes even motor oil.

 Steroids are often used through injection, by using a needle to inject the drug directly into the blood stream or into the muscle  There are also pills or gel tabs that are taken orally  And even creams that are rubbed directly onto the users skin

 Anabolic Steroids have their own category

 Acne  Rapid weight gain  Increased blood pressure  Insomnia (inability to sleep)  Headaches  Swelling of feet & ankles  Balding  Oily skin  Puffy cheeks

 Breast growth  Pre-mature balding  Pain when urinating  Shrinkage of the penis  Shrinkage of testicals  Low sperm count

 Male body hair (beard, mustache, etc.)  Male pattern baldness  Deepened voice  Shrinkage of breasts  Potential birth defects  Irregular periods

 Heart problems  Yellowing of skin  Cancer  Aggressive behavior  Organ damage

14  “Roid rage”- severe, aggressive behavior that may result in violence, such as fighting or destroying property  Severe mood swings  Paranoia- extreme feelings of mistrust and fear  Anxiety and panic attacks  Depression and thoughts of suicide

 Helps control breast cancer in women  To improve weight loss due to severe illness  To treat bone loss  Post cancer treatment to replace hormone loss  Sex-Change procedures to increase testosterone  Adolescent males with pituitary malfunction

 Most state laws dictate that the sales of anabolic steroids, possession of steroids, or possession of steroids with intent to sell, are all classified as felonies.  Sale of steroids, or possesses steroids unlawfully with intent to sell, may be penalized by up to five years in prison under federal law.  That same individual may face more than 5 years of punishment, depending on their states law.

 Anabolic steroids prices can reach from $292- $1199

 90% of athletes use it  It takes a dose of at least 300 milligrams of testosterone to raise the body's level above normal

19 “Performance-enhancing drug” means a manufactured product for oral ingestion, intranasal application or inhalation containing compounds that:  Contain a stimulant, amino acid, hormone precursor herb or other botanical or any other substance other than an essential vitamin or mineral  Are intended to increase athletic performance, promote muscle growth, induce weight loss or increase an individual’s endurance or capacity for exercise.

20  The Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act of 1994 – Limits the Food and Drug Administration from regulating products  18.6% of U.S. supplements contain anabolic steroids – International Olympic Committee (IOC) study of 240 supplements  Many products contaminated: lead, pesticides, arsenic, mercury  Strengths of the products available can vary  Effectiveness studies have not been performed among high school age athletes

 What is it?  Human growth hormone (HGH), also known as gonadotropin, is a hormone that has an anabolic effect. Athletes take it to improve muscle mass and performance. However, it hasn't been shown conclusively to improve either strength or endurance. It is available only by prescription and is administered by injection. 21

 Make connections between Steroids, PEDs, and HGH and the topics that have been covered in class thus far (peer pressure, body image, eating disorders).