Earth: The Goldilocks Planet. But what makes Earth such a special place?

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 23 Modern Earth Science
Advertisements

Importance of the Atmosphere Earth's atmosphere is a thin layer of air that forms a protective covering around the planet. Earth's atmosphere maintains.
Elements and Compounds
Atmosphere The atmosphere is a very thin layer of gases wrapped around the earth.
GREENHOUSE EFFECT Climate Change. Greenhouse Effect Is a natural process that permits the Earth to retain some of the heat from the sun. Gases in the.
Part I The Sun is a star located in the center of our Solar System. The Sun is a huge sphere composed of super-heated gases (plasma). The Sun’s gravitational.
Planet Formation and the solar system REVIEW. The raw materials to form planets come most directly from what source?
Earth’s Atmosphere Chapter 3, Section 2
Living It Up What do living things need to survive?
Earth: The Fragile Miracle
Earth’s Atmosphere Ch. 22.
Chapter 7: Atmosphere and Climate.
(Terrestrial) Planetary Atmospheres II.  Atmospheres consist of exospheres only  Take either of their atmospheres, could “almost store them in a dorm.
Chapter 1 The Atmosphere Section 1 The Air Around You
Characteristics of the atmosphere lecture 22.1b. Composition Gases in air: Gases in air: N 78% O 2 21% Argon 0.93% CO 2.035% Thickness: 400 mi. from surface.
What goes around comes back around!
Existence of Life Class Notes. Goldilocks & the 3 bears ○ Remember the story of Goldilocks & the 3 bears. ○ Think about what the words “just right” meant.
Section 1: Characteristics of the Atmosphere Objectives: Describe the composition of Earth’s atmosphere. Explain how two types of barometers work. Identify.
Ecosystems and their Components
Ch. 13-4: The Atmosphere. Characteristics of the Atmosphere blanketIt is a blanket of moisture-filled air that surrounds the earth It consists 78% nitrogen,
Do Now 1. What is the atmosphere? 2.What are the main gases that compose the atmosphere?
Scale for learning – Weather 4 – I am an expert I can explain, in detail, the structure and how the atmosphere supports life and influences weather and.
FOUR CONDITIONS FOR LIFE QUESTIONS 1
EQ:HOW DO THE ATMOSPHERE, LITHOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE WORK TOGETHER TO SUPPORT LIFE ON EARTH? The Biosphere.
Life on Earth and nowhere else….
Chapter 1 Vocabulary Atmosphere Altitude Density Cycle Radiation Conduction Convection Ultraviolet Radiation Infrared Radiation Ozone Greenhouse Effect.
Slide # 1 Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 3 Lesson 1 Earth’s Support of Life.
Handout (pink) Standard 3 Objective 1 Indicator e Characteristics of the Atmosphere.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Chapter 3 The Dynamic Earth 3.2 The Atmosphere.
Unit 3 Lesson 1 Earth’s Support of Life Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
Journal #18 What is the atmosphere? What do you think it is made of? What do you think makes up air?
EARTH IN SPACE “The Fragile Miracle”.
Unit 2: The Dynamic Earth Mr. Ross Brown Brooklyn School for Law and Technology.
The Atmosphere Chapter 22 page 546 First atmosphere WS 25 points The first atmosphere was probably H and He This was when the sun was still a protostar.
Habitable Zone Notes “Life in the Goldilocks Zone”
ATMOSPHERE NOTES September 2, What is weather?  Weather is the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a specific time and place.
Physical Connections Chapter 3. All life is possible on Earth because of 4 conditions: Constant, relatively mild temperature Constant, relatively mild.
What is the atmosphere?  The thin layer of gases that surrounds our planet.  Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a certain place and time.
“Life in the Goldilocks Zone”
The Atmosphere Chapter 12.
THE ATMOSPHERE Learning Goal:
Lesson 1 Abiotic Factors Lesson 2 Cycles of Matter
Earth: The Fragile Miracle
Handout 1 (3-1) Standard 3, Objective 1
What is meant by the word CYCLE?
Atmosphere Evolution Atmosphere = The layer of gases that surround the Earth Earth’s atmosphere traps the sun’s energy to: Keep Earth at a livable temperature.
Chapter 20 Section 2 How do living things and the nonliving parts of the environment interact?
Earth: a Unique Planet for Human Life
The Atmosphere.
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
EQ: Where are organisms found on earth, and how are they classified?
The Atmosphere.
So…what about Earth??? As far as we know Earth is the only planet in the universe that supports life. Scientists are looking for the reasons why there.
Existence of Life Class Notes.
Unit 3 Lesson 1 Earth’s Support of Life
Chapter 3.
Atmosphere Composition
Ecology Scientific study of interactions between organisms and their environment.
Weather and Climate: Earth’s Atmosphere
Chapter 15 The Atmosphere
“Life in the Goldilocks Zone”
Characteristics of the Atmosphere
Our Habitable Earth: What conditions allow Earth to support and maintain life? List the basic requirements for human survival:
Life on Earth and nowhere else….
Characteristics of the Atmosphere
Chapter 15 Atmosphere.
Biogeochemical Cycles
The Atmosphere.
Biogeochemical Cycles
Life on Earth and nowhere else….
Presentation transcript:

Earth: The Goldilocks Planet. But what makes Earth such a special place?

The “Goldilocks” Planet The Story of Goldilocks and the Three Bears Once upon a time, there was a little girl named Goldilocks. She lived at the edge of the forest with her family. One morning, while she was picking flowers, Goldilocks wandered into the forest and lost her way. She was very frightened, but then she saw a friendly little cottage in the distance. The friendly little cottage belonged to three bears. One was a great big Papa Bear, one was a middle-sized Mama Bear, and one was a tiny little Baby Bear. That morning, the three bears decided to take a walk while their porridge – which tastes like oatmeal – was cooling. It was too hot to eat! Right as they left through the back door, Goldilocks came in through the front door very quietly. The first thing she saw and smelled was the sweet, steamy porridge. “I sure am hungry,” Goldilocks said. “I’ll just have one bite.” First, she tried a spoonful from Papa Bear’s great big bowl. “OW!” she yelled, “TOO HOT!” Next, she tried a spoonful from Mama Bear’s medium-sized bowl. “Brrrrr! TOO COLD!” she complained. Finally, Goldilocks tried a spoonful from Baby Bear’s tiny little bowl. “YUMMY!” she cried. “THIS IS JUST RIGHT!” Goldilocks ate the entire bowlful

The “Goldilocks” Zone Earth’s life-sustaining conditions are possible because of its position in the solar system It is not too hot and not too cold – if the Earth was any closer or further away from the Sun, the planet could not support life The key is the planet lies at a distance from it’s star that allows a temperature range that permits the existence of liquid water. BUT… what about Venus and Mars? They are still in what astronomers would consider the habitable zone, but no life. Why?

Earth’s life-sustaining conditions are possible because of its position in the solar system It is not too hot and not too cold – if the Earth was any closer or further away from the Sun, the planet could not support life The key is the planet lies at a distance from it’s star that allows a temperature range that permits the existence of liquid water. Bit… what about Venus and Mars. They are still in what astronomers would consider the habitable zone, but no life. Why? The “Goldilocks” Zone

BUT… what about Venus and Mars. They are still in what astronomers would consider the habitable zone, but no life. Why?

Atmosphere Consider the data table and graphs to the right. What are the most significant differences in the compositions of the atmospheres? What is different about Earth’s atmosphere?

Consider the diagram to the right. What is the relationship between carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and temperature? If there is more the (CO 2 ) in the atmosphere what happens? If there is more (CO 2 ) trapped in the rocks what happens? How has the presence of life on earth effected the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and the temperature?

Layer of gases that surround the Earth about km thick – very thin compared to size of Earth Helps maintain a consistent temperature by distributing heat around the planet Protects Earth from harmful U.V Radiation (ozone layer) Protects earth from collisions from debris from space (comets, meteors) Contains the optimal balance of gases that life forms on Earth need. Animal life needs O2, plants need CO2 Oxygen levels at 21% allow for great diversity of life, if they drop, animal life would not be possible, if it exceeds 25% most plants would be consumed by fire Oxygen is produced by plants and consumed by animals and the burning of plants and fossil fuels The Role of the Atmosphere

First water likely came from volcanic activity - water collected on the surface as Earth cooled. The water cycle moves water back and forth from the atmosphere to the surface. Biologists believe earth first began in the oceans – blue- green algae Oceans cover 2/3 of the Earth – absorbs heat and distributes it around the world and controls our weather patterns and climates Water helps distribute nutrients to plants and other organisms Life as we know it is water based. All life on earth are composed of one or more cells and cells are mostly water. Water is the metabolizing agent that allows plants and animals to dissolve minerals and nutrients to create energy The Importance of Water

VENUS EARTH Earth’s Magnetosphere What is the magnetosphere and why is it important? The Earth is a giant magnet. The magnetosphere is the magnetic field that surrounds the earth. It is important to life because it deflects harmful radiation and charged particles from the sun away from earth. Without this shield organisms would receive lethal doses of radiation and would be constantly blasted by charged particles The Aurora Borealis shown to the left is the result of the interaction between the magnetosphere and energy from the sun.

Earth’s rotation on its axis and orbit around the Sun determine how much heat any an area receives at any time of the years The rotation also helps distribute heat evenly around the planet by steering wind and ocean currents The Role of Earth’s Rotation and Revolution

What if Earth’s rotation was much slower or in the opposite direction like Venus? or What if the tilt in the axis was more than 23 degrees or less than 23 degrees. How would that affect conditions on earth? Would Earth still be habitable? 116d 18h 0m 23h 56m

The trapping of heat by the Earth’s atmospheres is known as the green house effect. It allows the overall temperature on earth to remain stable enough for life to exist The balances of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor affect how much heat is trapped Plants play a significant role in creating a stable temperature by absorbing CO2 and releasing water vapor and oxygen by the processes of photosynthesis and transpiration What would happen is the amount greenhouse gases increased? What happens when humans cut down large areas of trees like rain forests. The Greenhouse Effect

The Role of Earth’s Gravity Earth’s gravitational field holds the atmosphere in place preventing oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide from escaping into space

Biosphere – The Carbon Cycle The movement of carbon from the atmosphere into plants, animals, and the soil and then back again Plants take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to produce food through photosynthesis and release oxygen – animals breath oxygen and eat plants Dead animals and plants decay and return carbon to cycle Over production of carbon dioxide from factories and burning rainforests causes climate change

Microscopic bacteria live on the roots of certain plants known as legumes and converts nitrogen to ammonia and nitrates which the plant absorbs and converts to protein – food production Biosphere – Nitrogen Cycle