ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India Universal Word and UNL Knowledge Base Meiying Zhu Hiroshi Uchida UNL Center UNDL Foundation

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India Issues What is a UW? What is the relation between UWs and the UNL Knowledge Base (KB)? How to define a UW?

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India What is a UW? Vocabulary of UNL Labels for concepts ‘dance(icl>action)’: (a social) dance ‘dance(agt>volitional thing)’: to dance Semantic-syntactic units of UNL expressions “I danced yesterday” agt(dance(agt>volitional I) tim(dance(agt>volitional yesterday)

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India What concepts UWs can express? Since UWs are made up based on English words, 1.How to deal with a concept not found in English? 2.How to deal with a concept different from English? How to deal with the difference between concepts?

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India Concepts and English Words C E C=E E C C E C? (2)(4) (3)(5) (1)

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India Concepts and English Words C=E E C C?C E C E The English word has no ambiguity ‘thing’, ‘scientist’, ‘beautiful’ The English word needs to be disambiguated ‘dance(icl>action)’ ‘dance(agt>volitional thing)’ A non-English word: Extra UW 「畳」 tatami (a particular mat made of grass and used to floor a Japanese-style room) A collection of different concepts 「話す」 hanasu corresponds to: talk, chat, tell, speak, mention, state, narrate A phrase: E + additional words 「上下」 jouge corresponds to: the top and bottom, the upper and lower parts, high and low

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India Collection of Concepts E5 E4 E2E1 E3

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India Hierarchy of Concepts C1 C2 C3 C

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India To define a concept is to link the UW for the concept to related UWs in the UNL KB If necessary, specialize the UW

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India Relation between UWs and UNL KB UNL KB define the concepts of UWs UWs construct the UNL KB

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India What is the UNL KB? The UNL KB is a semantic network comprising every directed binary relation holding between UWs. All binary relations of the UNL KB are under the following format: relation(UW1, UW2)= 0 ~ 255;

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India UW SYSTEM OF THE UNL KB uw adjective conceptadverbial conceptnominal conceptverbal concept uw(aoj>thing)uw(mod<thing)howpart(pof>thing)thingbedooccur abstract thingconcrete thingfunctional thingplacevolitional thing do(agt>thing)do(agt>thing,gol>thing)do(agt>thing,gol>thing,obj>thing)do(agt>thing,…)

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India Features of the UW SYSTEM Property Inheritance Lower UWs inherit the properties of upper UWs Replacement Upper UWs can replace lower UWs in the specific context of the lower UWs

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India Frame of Master Definition ( icl>, iof>, equ>, agt>, and>, aoj>, bas>, ben>, … via> ) Link to at least one upper UW Describe relations specific to the UW

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India Roles of Master Definition UW 1 MD 1 LaLa UW 2 MD 2 LbLb UW 3 MD 3 LcLc UW 1 UW 3 UW 2 1.Define the concept 2.Define the label for the concept 3.Build up the UNL KB

ICUKL-2002, Nov, Goa, India do{(agt>thing,and>do,ben>thing,cag>thing,cob>thing,con>thing, coo>thing,cnt>do,dur>thing,gol>thing,ins>concrete thing, man>how,met>abstract thing,obj>thing,plc>place>thing, plf>thing,plt>thing,ptn>thing,pur>thing,rsn>thing,scn>thing, seq>do,src>thing,tim>time,tmf>time,tmt>time,via>thing, icl>verbal concept)} do(agt>thing{,^gol>thing,icl>do,^obj>thing,^ptn>thing,^src>thing}) do(agt>volitional thing{,icl>do(agt>thing)}) act({icl>do(}agt>volitional thing{)}) breathe({icl>do(}agt>volitional thing{)}) dance({icl>do(}agt>volitional thing{)}) …

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