 Atoms are small hard particles made of a single material that can’t be divided.  Developed his ideas by thinking.

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Development of the Atomic Theory

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Presentation transcript:

 Atoms are small hard particles made of a single material that can’t be divided.  Developed his ideas by thinking

 All substances are made of atoms  Atoms cannot be created, divided or destroyed  Atoms of same element are exactly alike  Atoms join together to make new substances  Developed his ideas using observations from experiments

 Small particles inside the atom  These particles have a negative charge  Present in every kind of atom  Developed his theory doing experiments with a cathode-ray tube

Thomson’s experiment

 Atom is mostly empty space  Tiny part is highly dense matter that is positively charged  Named this dense part the nucleus  Developed his theory doing his gold foil experiments

Rutherford Experiment Modern Version

 Electrons move around nucleus in certain paths  These paths are energy levels  Electrons can jump from one level to another.  Developed ideas by experimenting to see how atoms react to light

 Electrons do not travel in definite paths  Electron’s path can’t be predicted  Regions where electrons are likely to be found  These regions are known as electron clouds

 Particle in nucleus with protons ◦ Mass about the same as a proton ◦ No charge  Particle is called Neutron