What You Should Know So Far. The Fundamental Laws Conservation of Mass Definite Composition Multiple Proportions Daltons Atomic Theory.

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Presentation transcript:

What You Should Know So Far

The Fundamental Laws Conservation of Mass Definite Composition Multiple Proportions Daltons Atomic Theory

The Experiments Thomson’s Cathode Ray Tube Discovers the electron Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment Describes the atom as a small dense positively charges nucleus surrounded by relatively large negatively charged cloud. An atom is mostly empty space.

A wave Amplitude Frequency Wavelength

What Spectrums Tell Us Spectrum

Hydrogen Spectrum

Wave and a Particle Planks Duality of Nature Electron is both a wave and a particle

The rules Aufbau principle States that the structure of each successive element isobtained by adding one proton to the nucleus and oneelectron to the lowest energy orbital that is available. Hund’s rule For an atom in the ground state that the number ofunpaired electrons is the maximum possible and theseunpaired electrons have the same spin Pauli Exclusion Principle That two particles of a certain class cannot occupy the samefour quantum numbers

Pauli’s Exclusion Principle No two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers orbital

Quantum Numbers n,l,m,s n = energy level l = suborbital s, p,d,f m = number of electrons s = spin

Orbital Shapes s orbital p obitals d orbital f orbital pzpz pypy pxpx s

Filling Electron Diagram

How To Write Configurations Electron Arrow Diagram Energy Level Diagram EC Flow Chart The Shortcut

Counting Atoms Atomic Mass Mass of the atom in atomic mass units 1 amu has the gram equivelence of 1 gram Mole SI unit for measuring the amount of substance Carbon -12 is the standard Exact number of atoms that is in 12.0 g of C-12 Avogadro's number x units/mole

Mole Map vv

HUH??? Given atoms1 mole x atoms = atoms Given Moles x atoms 1 mole = mole

More?? Given grams 1 mole Molar Weight = moles Molar Weight = grams 1 mole Given moles

LAST ONE Units 1 mole x units Molar Weight 1 mole = grams =Units grams x units Molar Weight