Ray Resendes Intelligent Technologies Research Division National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Ray Resendes Intelligent Technologies Research Division National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Overview of NHTSA Research for Enhancing Safety ITS America Annual Meeting June 4, 2007

The Crash Epidemic 15,200,000 Total Crashes 4,304,000* Property Damage Crashes 1,816,000* Injury Crashes 9,000,000 Unreported Crashes *Police-Reported 43,443Fatalities(2005) Fatal Crashes 39,189 *

Top 10 Leading Causes of Death in the United States for 2001, by Age Group

Motor Vehicle Fatalities

Motor Vehicle Injuries

Automotive Technologies Timeline 2014 Electronic Stability Control Adaptive Cruise Control Lane Departure Warning Roll Stability Control Blind Spot Warning Brake Assist 2010 Driver Warning & Driving Assistance Systems Rear-End Collision Avoidance System 2006 Automatic Braking Road Departure Warning Systems Intersection Collision Avoidance Systems Alcohol / Impairment Detection Automatic Collision Notification Night Vision

Integrated Safety Concept Crash Time Line Severity Reduction Prevention Injury Mitigation Medical Attention Developed by: Joseph N. Kanianthra WarnInterveneProtectNotify

Research Mission and Goals Advance Scientific Knowledge in Support of NHTSA's Mission –Identify Opportunities for Increasing Safety Crashworthiness, Crash Avoidance, Restraint systems –Understand Performance of Advanced Technologies Crash Prevention, Crash Severity Reduction, Integrated Safety –Develop Objective Tests to Discriminate Performance –Address Human-Vehicle Performance Issues –Retain Leadership in Human Injury Research –Support Rulemaking, Consumer Information and Enforcement Programs Research Programs in Vehicle Safety

Pre-Crash Scenario Typology Total of 36 scenarios = 99.4% of all light vehicle crashes

Relevant Technologies that may Help Avoid a Crash Rear-End – 29% Forward Radar Adaptive Cruise Control Brake Assist Vision Enhancement Road Departure – 23% Electronic Stability Control Lane Departure Warning Lane Keeping Curve Speed Warning Intersection – 26% Forward Radar Vehicle Communications Violation Warning Emergency Brake Light Lane Change/Merge – 9% Blind Spot Detection Side Radar Backing – 2% Rear-View Camera Backing Sensor Pedestrian/Cyclist & Animal– 6% Night Vision

Crash Avoidance Parameter Estimation Crash Problem Definition Crash Problem Definition Performance Specifications/ Test Procedures Performance Specifications/ Test Procedures Field Operational Test Field Operational Test System Design/ Build Counter- measure Concepts Crash Data Exposure Data Crashes Avoided = No. Crashes  (1 – Crash Prevention Ratio  Scenario Exposure Ratio)

Measuring the Safety Impact Adaptive Cruise Control 17% Reduction Rear-End Crash Warning 26% Reduction Road Departure Crash Warning 32%Reduction

Electronic Stability Control Research Developed over-steer prevention performance test for NPRM. Researching under-steer mitigation and roll stability control (RSC) for light vehicles. Researching Heavy Truck ESC and RSC systems. Anticipate future rulemaking

Advanced Collision Avoidance Technologies (ACAT)

Integrated Vehicle- Based Safety Systems Rear-end, run-off-road, and lane change crash countermeasure systems could prevent over 48% or 1,836,000 target crashes. Avoid RE with slower POV1, then encounter LC with adjacent POV2

Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance System (CICAS-V)

Vehicle Safety Communication Applications DSRC

Driver Monitoring Systems Safety Belt Reminder Systems Distraction Monitoring System Teen Driver Monitoring Alcohol Impairment Monitoring SAVE-IT In-Vehicle Impairment Detection

Concluding Remarks Research Supports Rulemaking Needs New Technologies Offer New Opportunities for Enhancing Safety Effectiveness Evaluation is Essential for Facilitating Deployment Seamless Integration of Crash Prevention and Occupant Protection is the Future Leveraging Resources and Collaborative Efforts Needed Limited Longer-Term Research Will Help

Thank You!