Dissolving vs. Dissociating Sugar vs. Salt

Explain the solution process of simple ionic and covalent compounds. Include: dissociation, hydration, heat of solution   Additional KEY Terms Electrolyte Non-electrolyte

**The general dissolving rule is like dissolves like.** Dissociating: the process of separating into charged parts when dissolving. Only ionic and very polar covalent compounds will dissociate. - Cl H δ+ Cl δ- + Na

√ - polar solvent ionic solute Dissociate δ+ δ+ δ- + H H O H O O H O Na Cl Cl + Na

√ polar solvent very polar solute Dissociate δ+ δ+ δ- δ+ δ- H H O H O Cl H H Cl δ-

Dissolves as whole – no charged particles. polar solvent polar solute H O H O δ- δ- δ+ δ+ δ+ δ- H O C H O C No separation Dissolves as whole – no charged particles. Dissociate

Electrolytes: Charged particles in a solution can conduct an electric current If it dissociates (ionic and very polar), it creates electrolytes *The more soluble a solute is, the more electrolytes produced, the stronger the current* Non-polar and weakly polar compounds are non-electrolytes.

Charged particles carry electricity. Ions Charged particles carry electricity.

The dissociation or ionization of a substance in water can be shown using chemical equations. NaCl(s) Na+(aq) + Cl–(aq) electrolytes C11H22O11(s) C11H22O11(aq) non-electrolyte CH3COOH CH3COO-(aq) + H+(aq) electrolytes Step 1a: Determine if the compound is polar. 1b: If ionic, write the ions. Step 2: Use subscripts as coefficients. Step 3: Write equation using appropriate states.

Al2(SO4)3 Al+3 SO4-2 Al2(SO4)3 (s) 2 Al+3 (aq) 3 SO4-2 (aq) Write the equation for aqueous aluminum sulphate. 1 metal polyatomic ion Al2(SO4)3 3 Al+3 SO4-2 2 2 Al+3 (aq) 3 SO4-2 (aq) Al2(SO4)3 (s) 4

CAN YOU / HAVE YOU? Explain the solution process of simple ionic and covalent compounds. Include: dissociation, hydration, heat of solution   Additional KEY Terms Electrolyte Non-electrolyte