Cells First Period Brilliance!

Cell Membrane Semipermeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm of the cell. It controls what enters and exits the cell. It separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment.

Cytoplasm Thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane mainly composed of water, salts, and proteins responsible for breaking down waste and also aid in metabolic activity. responsible for giving a cell its shape clear in color and has a gel-like appearance. helps to move materials around the cell and also dissolves cellular waste

Cytosol: the component of the of a cell where various organelles and particles are suspended Intra-cellular gelatinous like fluid present inside cells- part of the cytoplasm that is not held by any organelles Takes up all space inside the cell that the organelles are mostly made up of water, with other molecules and proteins

Nucleus A dense organelle typically a single rounded structure bounded by a double membrane, containing the genetic material Control center of the cell

Slide: Pabel Troche Nuclear Membrane The nuclear membrane is a double lipid bilayer that surrounds the Nucleus cell. The nuclear membrane is porous, thus allowing both the passive and active transport of particles through it. Its primary function is to hold/protect the nucleus.

NUCLEOLUS Its structure is made of proteins & (RNA). Function is to assemble ribosomes. Its structure is made of proteins & (RNA).

Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. Chromosomes

Chromatin What is Chromatin? Chromatin are large moleculesof DNA, RNA, and protein. What is the purpose of chromatin? Chromatin condenses and packages DNA in the nucleus. It also protects the DNA and helps transcribe the RNA in the nucleus. Where are Chromatin located in the cell? Chromatin are located in the nucleus. _

MITOCHONDRIA Powerhouse of the cell: makes ATP Double membrane organelles breaks down sugar and creates energy molecules (ATP) for the cell. Mitochondria float freely throughout the cell- the more mitochondria =-the more energy They have their own DNA, ribosomes, and make their own protein. Mitochondria has circular DNA and replicate by a reproductive process called fission.

Ribosomes are the protein builders or the protein synthesizers of the cell. Every cell needs ribosomes to manufacture proteins. They are like construction guys who connect one amino acid at a time and build long chains. Found in cytoplasm or rough E.R. Ribosomes

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum The rough ER has millions of membrane bound ribosomes and is responsible for the production, folding, quality control and dispatch of some proteins.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes found throughout the cell and connected to the nucleus. It works as a packaging system. Appears smooth

Location and Structure Golgi Apparatus Function Location and Structure It is responsible for the packing and transporting of proteins. The Golgi Apparatus is located in the cytoplasm next to the Endoplasmic Reticulum and the Nucleus. It’s structure is made us of layers.

Vacuole Is a large storage bubble found in both plant and animal cells. Although the vacuole in a plant cell is much larger. The vacuole is membrane bound organelle that contains fluids where the wastes and nutrients are found in.

Centrosomes LOCATION: An organelle near the nucleus of a cell that contains the centrioles. FUCTION: The spindle fibers develop in cell division. Centrosomes

Lysosome Suicide Organelle Rachel Rhodes Lysosome Suicide Organelle Lysosomes float in the cytoplasm of the cell. They are responsible for cell digestion. When food is taken into th cell, the lysosomes attach and release enzymes to break down the food. When food is scarce, lysosomes will start to digest other organelles for nutrients

Peroxisomes are small membrane enclosed organelles that contain enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic reactions. They are assembled like mitochondria from proteins that are synthesized on free ribosomes

CilIa By: Alyssa Harris Cilia are slender, microscopic, hair-like structures or organelles that extend from the surface of cells (multiple or single). Cilia help to move particles on the outside of cell CilIa By: Alyssa Harris

Cilia Cilia are slender, microscopic, hair-like structures that extend from the surface off cells. They typically serve as sensory organelles.

Cells may have extensions from the cell membrane called cilia or even smaller ones called microvilli. Microvilli increase the surface area of a cell and are helpful for absorption and other cell functions. Microvilli

Flagella The word flagellum in Latin means whip. The primary role of the flagellum is locomotion Function as a sensory organelle!

A flagellum is a whip-like structure that allows a cell to move.