Who could vote? White At least 21 Male Property Owners Who could NOT vote? Women American Indians Blacks (free or slave)
Thomas Jefferson is reelected! Know these dates Washington ( ) Adams ( ) Jefferson ( ) MAIN PROBLEM: 1804 – Britain and France are fighting over America’s attention
1. Impressments - the practice of seizing Americans at sea and “impressing” or drafting them into the British Navy (First introduced with the XYZ Affair) 2. Chesapeake Incident 1807 – British commander “demanded” to board an American ship (the Chesapeake), the Americans refused and 3 Americans were shot! 3. Jefferson responds by convincing congress to pass an EMBARGO (EMBARGO ACT of 1807)
Embargo : a ban on exporting goods to other countries from America Purpose: America’s attempt to force European nations to respect “NEUTRALITY” / and an attempt to AVOID WAR Result : BACKFIRED (hurt our economy more than others) Legacy – Always seen as a failure due to “lack of flow of foreign goods into America” Upset group: Merchants and Shippers in Northeast Congress eventually lifted the embargo in 1809
James Madison - Famous Democratic / Jeffersonian Republican - Secretary of State under Jefferson - Convinced by the War Hawks - Thought Britain was crippling the American economy
March 1, 1809 U.S. could trade with anyone EXCEPT England and France When one side ended their violation of neutral rights the U.S. would open trade with them
April 1810 Replaces non-intercourse Opens trade with the entire world When either Britain or France ends violations of neutral rights the U.S. will halt trade with the other unless they end violations within six months
Napoleon - “His majesty loves Americans “ thus will repeal the continental system conditional on British repealing the Orders in Council Napoleon had no intention of stopping exploits against America shipping J.Q. Adams warns Madison in a letter from Russia - “A trap to catch us in a war with England.” Madison believes Napoleon is well intended and refuses to recognize he is wrong even after it is apparent November 2, 1810 he announces that Britain has six months to repeal the Orders in Council before the U.S. halts trade with them Britain fails to act and non-intercourse is imposed on March 2, 1811
1809 – General “William Henry Harrison” convinced native Americans to give up 3 million acres of their land through unfair treaties Tecumseh created a confederacy AGAINST white settlers Overall: Tecumseh got support from the BRITISH to defend land against the white settler!
William Harrison defeats Tecumseh’s Confederacy Harrison / America discovers that the British were “supporting the Native Americans’ fight AGAINST America” Result: America / birth of the WAR HAWKS
A group of young Southern Congressmen that…….“WANT WAR WITH BRITAIN!!!!!!!!” (Against neutrality/ Washington, Adam’s and Jefferson’s views) 2 Congressmen John C. Calhoun *S.C. Henry Clay *Kentucky
- Objective: LETS FIGHT BRITAIN!!!!! (War is needed~) - War of 1812 – nicknamed “Mr. Madison’s War” because he was the very first president that WANTED to go to war with other countries - Also known as the Second Revolutionary War - June 18, 1812 – beginning of War of 1812
American forces were outnumbered at sea British Navy was able to blockade almost the entire coastline
British invade Washington DC Burning of White House / Capitol Building and much of Washington DC
New England states wanted the War of 1812 to STOP because it disrupted their TRADE / these states threatened secession The Hartford Convention is considered the “death of Federalist Party”
Signed December 24, 1814 Declared an armistice – end to the fighting
General Andrew Jackson’s greatest victory Too bad a treaty had already been signed :-/
AMERICAN NATIONALISM GOES UP because we finally won COMPLETE freedom from Britain and confirmed our independence! Nothing really changed after signing the Treaty of Ghent – American (physically) basically stayed the same “post War America”