EOTC aisbl Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Tel Fax EOTC2003© - #1 The RoHS Directive Implementation RoHS may be more expensive for OEMs than WEEE OEMs need to be ready at least 1 year before implementation due to “design cycles” – i.e. 1 July 2005 Certain applications cannot be substituted by 1 July 2006 such as: –Lead in high melting temperature solder –Lead in ceramic electronic parts, such as piezo devices

EOTC aisbl Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Tel Fax EOTC2003© - #2 The RoHS Directive Lead Health Effects Effects on the Central Nervous System, particularly in children Inhibits mental development in children Damages kidneys and reproductive system Can cause anemia (blood disorder)

EOTC aisbl Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Tel Fax EOTC2003© - #3 The RoHS Directive Materials alternative to lead Lead solder substituted with lead free solder Soldered connectors substituted with press- fitted connectors

EOTC aisbl Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Tel Fax EOTC2003© - #4 The RoHS Directive Lead free solders Most of the technical work to-date has concentrated on identifying alternative solder materials to the present lead-containing solders and the associated attachment processes, along with reliability assessments of the solder joints formed with lead-free solders

EOTC aisbl Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Tel Fax EOTC2003© - #5 The RoHS Directive Status of lead free manufacturing Industry is putting significant effort (time/money) to ensure conversion is successful by the timelines stipulated in the RoHS Directive Implications of replacement materials –Energy (higher temperature) –Components (higher temperature ratings) –Boards (higher temperature ratings) –Solder (contains silver, patent royalty issues) –Equipment (10-12 zone furnaces required) –Wave solder equipment –Lower yields/higher scrap rates

EOTC aisbl Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Tel Fax EOTC2003© - #6 The RoHS Directive Status of lead free manufacturing Key Challenges Technical data generation and evaluation: –Solder joint reliability –Component/board reliability (higher processing temps) –Forward/backward compatability –Reflow profile control –Tin whiskers may form, causing shorts

EOTC aisbl Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Tel Fax EOTC2003© - #7 The RoHS Directive Status of lead free manufacturing Logistical Issues: –Part Numbers >Need new part numbers for all items not backwards compatible –BOM (Bill of Materials) Control >Control to avoid mixing of lead-free with old components (potential solder joint reliability concern)

EOTC aisbl Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Tel Fax EOTC2003© - #8 The RoHS Directive Status of lead free manufacturing Logistical Issues: –Excess inventory >What to do with lead-containing inventory after cut off? >How to manage last-time buys of lead- containing product? –Component availability

EOTC aisbl Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Tel Fax EOTC2003© - #9 The RoHS Directive Conclusions and next step –Technical solutions being worked on but need adequate time/effort to resolve reliability issues >Manufacturers and component suppliers are educated and working hard to meet the deadlines, but again, time to ensure reliability of replacement materials is needed

EOTC aisbl Rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels Belgium Tel Fax EOTC2003© - #10 The RoHS Directive Conclusions and next step –Need for precise definitions >Industry working to clarify –There are serious logistics issues >Product qualifications are complex and time-consuming; they take time/resources, especially if components require changing and re-qualifications

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