Cell Structure & Function ROBERT PERRY - MALIBU HIGH SCHOOL title CELL.

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Presentation transcript:

Cell Structure & Function ROBERT PERRY - MALIBU HIGH SCHOOL title CELL

Nuclear envelope Nuclear pore Chromatin Nucleolus Rough ER Ribosomes Plasma membrane Smooth ER Cilia Golgi Cytoplasm Mitochondrion Microtubules Microfilaments Centrioles Exosome Exocytosis Peroxisome Polyribosomes Endocytosis Endosome Cristae Flagellum Kinetosome Vesicle Nucleoplasm

NUCLEUS CYTO- SKELETON

the NUCLEUS

Nuclear envelope Chromatin Nucleolus Mitochondria !! Rough ER

CENTRIOLES

nucleus

Like Cilia and Flagella, Centrioles are also made of microtubules. The difference is that they contain 9 sets of triplets and no doublet in the center. How the triplets in the basal body turn into the cilium doublet remains a mystery. Centrioles come in pairs, each organized at right angles to the other. Centrioles organize the spindle apparatus on which the chromosomes move during mitosis. source: Image: chiyo/HuBEd/HTML1/en/3D/cell.html

KINETOSOME

c = cilia Kinetosomes, also known as basal bodies, are specialized centrioles found at the base of both cilia and flagella. They help with the movement and growth of cilia and flagella. bb = kinetosomes

cilia

Ciliated epithelium in human trachea Ciliated marine protist Cilia are used to move fluids. Protists use them to swim or to create feeding currents. Multicelled animals use them to move the mucous out of the nasal passages.

FLAGELLUM kinetosome

What is a flagellum? Many single-celled organisms use so called flagella (also named undulipodia) for swimming. These are whip-like structures that act like a propeller. Some groups have one, others have two. Shown here is a photosynthetic flagellate protozoan: Euglena, and a common marine dinoflagellate, Noctiluca. Illustration © Lizzie Harper FLAGELLA Euglena Noctiluca

Zoospores of the fungus Blastocladiella emersonii viewed by phase-contrast microscopy. Human sperm cell showing flagella, enlarged to show longitudinal section with rows of mitochondria.

CYTOSKELETON micro- filaments micro- tubules

C Y T O S K E L E T O N (nucleus) microtubules microfilaments

intermediate filaments micro- filaments micro- tubules 3 Components of the Cytoskeleton

G ER L

the G E R L N ER G L Exosome

two ribosomal subunits: large subunit small subunit

PROTEINS ARE SYNTHESIZED BY THE RIBOSOMES The subject of a separate lesson

N ER

SER

G RER

G L

such as ENZYMES flow Golgi apparatus

The G E R L N ER G L

MITOCHONDRION

The MIGHTY MITOCHONDRION The subject of a separate lesson

INNER MEMBRANE PROTEINS (ENZYMES) INNER MATRIX OUTER MEMBRANE ATP CRISTAE

Mitochondrion ! mitoribosomes

…reminds us of another process we studied this year: BACTERIAL FISSION

CHLOROPLAST

The MIGHTY CHLOROPLAST The subject of a separate lesson

(in) (out) transport vesicle cytoplasm Endo- Exdo- Kinetosome Vacuole T H E E N D T H E E N D

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