Theories of Intelligence

Defining Intelligence What behaviors are associated with intelligence? How is intelligence defined by researchers?

Divergent Thinking

Theoretical Perspectives Spearman’s g Cattell’s theory of cognitive abilities fluid intelligence crystallized intelligence Sternberg’s triarchic theory Gardner’s multiple intelligences

Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory Three domains analytical creative practical Three factors environmental context prior experience cognitive processes

Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory Each of us possess all 8 We have the capacity to develop each with enriching environment They work together They look different for each person Howard Gardner

Current intelligence theory Heredity establishes a potential range Influenced by environmental conditions Niche-picking

Measuring Intelligence Alfred Binet’s test general knowledge vocabulary perception memory abstract thought

IQ Test Scores Evaluating the IQ test Validity Reliability Bias-free Influences on test-taker Experience, pragmatics, SES Flynn effect

Using IQ Test Results Placement decisions Gifted education Special education services Research studies Lewis Terman Perry Preschool Study IQ, what is it good for?

Other Assessments Aptitude tests Achievement tests Dynamic assessments Performance assessments