By Brianna Gouw & Gabrielle Wiltse Francisco Franco By Brianna Gouw & Gabrielle Wiltse

Spain Before Franco The Second Spanish Republic had been voted in with a majority in 1931 Foreign exchange and deportation of goods ruined by depression and civil war Nation’s support was split between aristocracy and republic Governmental position switched from right wing (1933) to left (1936) Depression left the economy in pieces, forcing citizens to suffer with a poor quality of life -During Second Spanish Republic 3 different governments failed to go through with numerous reforms -Military overthrow in June 36 - President Niceto Alcala Zamora

Spain Before Franco Continued… Spain was not given the option of having a dictator Spain questioned if President Alcala Zamora was becoming too radical and so the government shifted left Franco rejected principles of liberalism such as individualism, rights and freedoms, and competition - because Franco used his military position to manipulate the army into overthrowing the government with a coup -because these ideas would contradict his beliefs of sole unity under the Catholic church so that there is no competition in religion, race, language, or political views.

Bringing Franco Into Power Franco was upset with the idea of a coalition government Used the death of parliamentary leader José Calvo Sotel as a pretext for a civil war Rebellion was planned ahead of Calvo’s death With the aid of Italy and Nazi Germany Franco’s fascist military won -took over the government with the use of a coup -people did not get the choice to reject liberalism

Under Franco’s Rule Civil war lasted from 1936 – 1939. 600, 000 Spaniards killed & 1 000 000 sent to concentration camps. Only legal party under Franco's post civil war regime was the Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS, formed in 1937 Ruled 1937-1975 Government was an authoritarian dictatorship beginning in 1939 -the party emphasized anti-communism -

Franco’s Rule Continued… Franco’s fascist military received help from Italy and Nazi Germany during civil war Franco allowed Italy and Germany to bomb Spanish Basque country side as a threat towards Britain and France In return Hitler expected aid from Spain in WWII Franco rapidly industrialized Spain with the steel industry -Spain did not hold up their end of the deal because it was not in their national interests

Franco’s Rule Continued… He outlawed anything that did not agree with catholic beliefs Franco even went as far as outlawing any other language than Spanish and took away all rights given to the autonomous regions of Spain. At this time the church and state of Spain were one body and it was the responsibility of both to enforce the change towards unity. Isolation was a concept that was key in Franco’s Spain. -this included contraceptives, homosexuality, practice of any other religion, prostitution, and divorce(all are presently legal). -All forms of education and censorship were directed by the church. -Franco was given the power from the Vatican to elect church officials, a rare privilege given by the Vatican.

The End of Franco Franco’s rule came to an end on November 20th, 1975 when he died due to heart failure Rule lasted nearly four decades Francisco's successor Juan Carlos came into power and converted the government into a democratic constitutional monarchy Many feared that because Carlos was so faithful to Franco that Spain’s fascist reign would never come to an end

The End of Franco Continued… Juan Carlos became king of Spain and named Arias Navarro as Prime Minister Anti-Francoists were extremely upset in the initial months of the monarchy, and demonstrations, industrial strikes, and terrorist activity challenged the country's stability. Arias Navarro’s government cautiously brought in reforms, which were quickly rejected by Orthodox Francoists, who resisted any form of change. -Both supporters of Franco These measures aroused and united the liberal opposition The government responded with repressive measures to restore law and order.

Current Spain Spain currently has the highest EU unemployment rate (20%) and is roughly $90 billion in debt Sovereignty issues with land off the coast of Morocco Drug trafficking of heroine, cocaine and hashish -Spain no longer had to live under fear of Franco’s oppression, yet the freedom that came with his death allowed issues such as the ones above to arise within the nation.

Franco’s Evaluation Franco had good intentions through unity, but went too far by trying to cut out cultural diversity within Spain Franco took power through force, and created the Civil War which resulted in the loss of many civilian lives -Overall, on a scale of one to ten, we would rank him a nine for determination but a four for consideration. He was a smart man with good intentions but with the wrong execution.

Spain’s Condition Spain is in a much better state nationally now than when Franco was in power Now Spain’s citizens have freedom of self expression, private property, and are able to compete within the economy Under Franco’s rule people lived with oppression and fear of being an individual outside of the collective church -religion, business, property

Bibliography Franco's Spain. Web. 14 Nov. 2010. <http://lindsey45220.tripod.com/>. Answers.com - How Did Francisco Franco Come to Power." WikiAnswers - The Q&A Wiki. Web. 14 Nov. 2010. http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_did_Francisco_Franco_come_to_power .Autumn, By. "Spain 1935: Some What-ifs about Alcala Zamora and the Straperlo Scandal." Online Community for Discussing War History, Medieval Period, Ancient History, and Archaeology. Web. 14 Nov. 2010. <http://www.historykb.com/Uwe/Forum.aspx/what- if/11825/Spain-1935-Some-what-ifs-about-Alcala-Zamora-and-the-Straperlo>. "Spain-Transition to Democracy THE POST-FRANCO ERA." Rainforest - Mongabay.com. Web. 14 Nov. 2010. <http://www.mongabay.com/history/spain/spain- transition_to_democracy_the_post-franco_era.html>. "Spain Economy - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements,Population, Social Statistics, Political System." Photius Coutsoukis; Photius; Photios; Fotis Koutsoukis - Sustained by Working Capital in the World. Web. 14 Nov. 2010. <http://www.photius.com/wfb1999/spain/spain_economy.html>. "BBC News - Spain - Timeline." BBC News - Home. Web. 14 Nov. 2010. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/992004.stm>.