Chapter 28-1 & 28-2 JFK & The New Frontier Warm-Up: What did the GI bill do? 8. Why did people want to move to the suburbs? 9.. What is the reason overall prosperity in America grew in the 1950s? A) Companies were able to employ more people at higher wages B) Companies were able to employ fewer people at higher wages C) Companies were able to employ more people at lower wages D) Companies were able to employ fewer people at lower wages 10.. What did the suburbs most likely symbolize in the 1950s? A) Diversity and prosperity B) Middle class white prosperity C) Lower class and culture D) Lower class white existence

The Election of 1960 US losing the Cold War? 1. Economy in recession 2. Soviet – Sputnik I (1957) 3. U-2 Incident

The Election of 1960 JFK vs. Richard Nixon 1. JFK: Inexperienced/Catholic 2. TV Debate – Kennedy look better (Nixon looked nervous) 3. Stance on Civil Rights (helps MLK – Atlanta, Ga.)  African-American community responds

Inauguration Speech

Text of Inaugural Address

The Camelot Years Kennedy Mystique 1. Best & Brightest Cabinet 2. Wife: Jackie Son: John Daughter: Caroline 3. Brother: Robert (35) Attorney General 4. Admiration of whole nation

A New Military Policy Flexible Response 1. Kennedy’s hard- line stance on the Soviet Union 2. Prepare for all types of conflict, not just nukes! 3. Created Special Forces 4. Tripled nuclear capability 5.Result: Increased defense spending

Crisis in Cuba 1959 – Fidel Castro 1. Declares himself dictator of Cuba 2. Soviet Union provides aid to Cuba 3. US cuts off all relations 4. Cubans see Castro as a tyrant - 10% exile in the United States 5. CIA trains exiles for invasion of Cuba 6. Cuban rebels land at Bay of Pigs but U.S. air support never showed up 7. Huge embarrassment for U.S. 8. Kennedy pays ransom of $53 million for surviving commandos

Crisis in Cuba

The Cuban Missile Crisis October 14-28, US spy planes photographed missiles in Cuba 2. Oct 22: JFK tells world of missiles in Cuba and U.S. will “quarantine” Cuba to make sure NO other ships get in

The Cuban Missile Crisis 3. U.S. troops were ready to invade Cuba 4. Soviet ships suddenly stop to avoid confrontation. 5. Sec. of State Dean Rusk: “We are eyeball to eyeball and the other fellow just blinked” 6. October 22: Khrushchev removes missiles

The Berlin Wall August 13, East Berliners fleeing to West Berlin 2. Khrushchev asks JFK if he can close access to West Berlin – JFK refuses 3. Wall built to block entry into East & West Berlin 4. Wall becomes ugly symbol of Communist oppression

The Promise of Progress New Frontier 1. Kennedy’s domestic policy 2. Increase aid to education (science/space) 3. Health insurance to the elderly 4. Battle prejudice & poverty 5. Help migrant workers JFK could not get New Frontier passed 1.Faced same problem as Truman’s Fair Deal - Southern Democrats in Congress did not agree with JFK stance on Civil Rights 2.JFK lacked a mandate - clear indication voters approved

Addressing Poverty Kennedy created the Peace Corps 1.Assistance to developing nations of Asia, Africa, and Latin America - critics called it “Kennedy’s Kiddie Korps” 2.By 1968: 35,000 served in 60 nations 3.Alliance for Progress: economic help to Latin America - By 1969: $12 billion invested

Race to the Moon 1.April 12, 1961: Yuri Gagarin– 1 st to space 2.1 st American: Allan Sheppard 3.NASA: Cape Canaveral (Fl.) – Houston (TX) 4.Feb. 20, 1962: John Glenn – orbited earth 3 times 5.July 20, 1969: Neil Armstrong – moon 6.Result of space program – better education and technology

Tragedy in Dallas 1.Nov. 22, Texas School Book Depository 3.JFK shot in the head - Lee Harvey Oswald 4.Nov. 24: Oswald shot by Jack Ruby 5.Warren Commission concluded Oswald was acting on his own : Oswald was part of conspiracy