Solar Energy Heat and Light

Energy Can take many different forms –____________ –Heat –____________

Energy Travels as __________ Can have different wavelengths –_____________ between peaks

Solar Energy Electromagnetic waves –Can travel through _________ –This is called ______________ Includes all the different _________________

Solar Energy

The energy that reaches Earth is mostly –______________ (IR) radiation heat –Visible _____________ The rainbow –Ultraviolet (UV) ____________ damaging

Solar Energy in the Atmosphere When this energy hits the atmosphere it can be –_______________ –__________ back into space –________________

Solar Energy in the Atmosphere Water vapor and ___ absorb IR Ozone absorbs ______ Clouds, dust, and other gases also ________ energy

Solar Energy in the Atmosphere Clouds ______ some energy back into space – like mirrors Dust particles and gas molecules _____ the rays in all directions –This is what you see when you look at the __________

Why is the sky blue? ___________ wavelengths are ____________ more than red What about sunrises and sunsets? –The light is passing through thicker atmosphere which filters more blue out  see more reds

Solar Energy at Earth’s Surface The energy that makes it through the atmosphere reaches the ______ of the earth Can be –______________ –Absorbed –Re-radiated as __________

Solar Energy at Earth’s Surface Some energy is bounced back (reflected) into _________________ Some is __________ by land and water  heat

Solar Energy at Earth’s Surface ______ gives off (radiates) heat This is in the form of ______ radiation IR radiation __________ travel through atmosphere very well

Greenhouse effect __________ by water vapor, CO 2, methane and other gases –_______________ gases –Hold _____ in the atmosphere  greenhouse effect

Greenhouse Effect Greenhouse effect needed for _______ to exist on earth BUT if we increase the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere then ___ ________ heat is trapped  global warming

Energy Summary

Energy and Heat ____ are made of molecules The more energy molecules have the _______ they move ___________ is the average amount of energy of motion each molecule of a substance has

Energy and Heat Substances with ____ moving molecules feel ___________ Substances with ___________ moving molecules feel ______

Heat Transfer Energy is _____________ from hotter to colder objects as heat Heat _____ from place to place in three ways –_____________ –Conduction –_____________

Radiation _________ traveling through space as electromagnetic waves Feel heat coming from a ___________ –Sun –Fire –______________

Conduction Direct transfer of heat through ___________ with the source Fast moving “hot” molecule _____ into slow moving “cold” molecule and makes it move faster

Convection Transfer of heat when hot molecules ____ to a new area Liquids and gases are considered ______________ –Molecules move from place to place = _______________

How to heat your hands If you put your hands near it = ____________ If you put your hands on it = ____________ If you put your hands over it = ___________

Heat Transfer in the Troposphere Heat from _______ radiation heats air and earth’s ______ Earth’s surface heats lower troposphere by __________ Hot air _____ warming upper troposphere by convection

Heat Transfer Summary Radiation Conduction Convection

Heat and Weather The movement of _____ in the atmosphere causes –Temps to change –__________ to blow –Rain to fall

Measuring temperature One of the most important elements of _____________ Use a _________________ The energy of the air is transferred to the liquid in the bulb The more ____________ the liquid molecules the more space they need –Level rises

Temperature and density Fluids with ____ temperatures tend to have lower _________ –Molecules bump against each other more and push apart –Why hot air _________