It is Artificial Idiocy that is alarming, Not Artificial Intelligence David Sanders Reader – University of Portsmouth Senior Research Fellow – Royal Academy of Engineering.

THE PRESENTATION INTRODUCTION BRAINS OF ANIMALS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE HOW DID WE GET HERE? CAN THEY TURN HOSTILE? WHERE ARE WE GOING?

INTRODUCTION  Computer systems that:  simulate intelligent behaviour  perform tasks requiring human intelligence  Interact with the real world (do something?)

BRAINS OF ANIMALS Lower level intelligence Higher level intelligence Can a brain be simulated? Will simulated brains be intelligent? What are human abilities?

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Intelligence exhibited by machines / software Can learn by observing General intelligence is long term goal Philosophical issues Ethics / Character of the mind

HOW DID WE GET HERE? 1940s - Idea of child like machine

HOW DID WE GET HERE? 1940s - Idea of child like machine 1950s - Turing

HOW DID WE GET HERE? 1940s - Idea of child like machine 1950s - Turing John McCarthy "Artificial Intelligence” the science and engineering of making intelligent machines

CAN THEY TURN HOSTILE? Open letter from Stephen Hawkin: "Because of the great potential of AI, it is important to research how to reap its benefits while avoiding potential pitfalls.“ Worry: - NOT eerie growing consciousness - ability to make high-quality decisions

CAN THEY TURN HOSTILE? Genie in the lamp… you get what you ask for - not what you want

CAN THEY TURN HOSTILE? Cannot understand - human intentions - desires Don’t know humans exist Real difficulties are not computers but actuators 1 or 2 year old infant AI may be frightening

WHERE ARE WE GOING ? What should they be allowed to do? Who to kill on the battlefield? Our brain is analogue AI may need analogue computers NOT digital

WHERE ARE WE GOING ? AI may take over choices… e.g: driving cars, aiming and firing missiles Life & death decisions / ethical problems If AI makes a decision we regret - change software Human beings make mistakes - intelligent machines will too

WHERE ARE WE GOING ? Intelligent machines can be useful Stupid machines are scary Algorithms can make appropriate decisions then suddenly make a crazy one AI has no emotion - not subject to natural selection No metric for intelligence - are we improving?