Genetic pedigree analysis of spring Chinook salmon reintroduced above Foster Dam Melissa Evans, Kathleen O’Malley, Marc Johnson, Michael Banks, Dave Jacobson,

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Presentation transcript:

Genetic pedigree analysis of spring Chinook salmon reintroduced above Foster Dam Melissa Evans, Kathleen O’Malley, Marc Johnson, Michael Banks, Dave Jacobson, and Michael Hogansen

Foster Dam and Chinook salmon

Objectives 1.Using genetic parentage analysis, evaluate the contribution of the reintroduction program to natural spring Chinook salmon production 2.Examine the fitness of spring Chinook salmon reintroduced above Foster Dam 3.Investigate how different management strategies, i.e. hatchery (HOR) and natural origin (NOR) salmon reintroductions, and release timing and location, affect fitness

YearHORNOR * Releases Above Foster Dam * 64% of reintroduced salmon genetically sampled

Genetic Parentage Assignment 11 highly variable genetic markers (microsatellites) Probability of observing identical genetic profiles in population extremely low Maximum likelihood (ML) approach used to identify parent-offspring matches mom dad kid

Salmon Reintroduced Above Foster 7% 34% 74% 66% Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol.

Chinook Recruits Below Dam Genotyped 193 samples collected from carcasses ( ) Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol.

Chinook Recruits Below Dam 12% (23/193) were progeny of reintroduced salmon Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol.

Cohort Replacement Rate “Number of spawners produced by a spawner” 2007 CRR = 0.96 (120 female offspring / 125 female parents) 2008 CRR = 1.16 (253 female offspring/219 female parents) Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol.

CRR and Dam Passage “Number of spawners produced by a spawner” 2007 CRR = 0.96 (120 female offspring / 125 female parents) 2008 CRR = 1.16 (253 female offspring/219 female parents) Cougar Dam: CRR ~ Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol.

TLF of Reintroduced Salmon: % (154/254) of salmon produced adult offspring TLF = 2.9±5.4 offspring Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol.

TLF of Reintroduced Salmon: % (154/254) of salmon produced adult offspring TLF = 2.9±5.4 offspring Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol. PParameter (β) Sex Date< 0.001Later > Earlier (1.04×10 -6 ) Date × Sex 0.010Males > Females, Sept. 21 (-4.43×10 -7 )

TLF of Reintroduced Salmon: % (249/660) of salmon produced offspring TLF = 1.9 ± 4.1 Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol.

TLF of Reintroduced Salmon: % (249/660) of salmon produced offspring TLF = 1.9 ± 4.1 Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol. PParameter (β) Sex< 0.001Female (0.29) Date 0.036Later > Earlier (2.48×10 -7 ) Origin 0.687

TLF of Reintroduced Mate Pairs: 2008 Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol.

46% of salmon produced at least one 3 or 4- year old adult offspring Fitness of Reintroduced Salmon: 2009 Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol.

46% of salmon produced at least one 3 or 4- year old adult offspring Fitness of Reintroduced Salmon: 2009 Evans et al. in revision, Rest. Ecol. P Parameter (β) Sex0.012 Female (0.24) Date0.200 Location0.782

Summary 1.CRR was 0.96 and 1.16 for the 2007 and 2008 reintroduction years, respectively, indicating that population replacement is occurring 2.Total lifetime fitness averaged 2.8±5.4 (range: 0-38) offspring (2007) and 1.9±4.1 (range 0-30) offspring (2008) 3.Suggestion of HOR salmon “dragging down” fitness of NOR salmon 4.Later reintroduction dates associated with higher TLF in 2007 and 2008 but no evidence of date or location effects on fitness in 2009

Evaluating parentage of 2014 returns Provide first estimate of TLF for current reintroduction paradigm i.e. releases of unmarked salmon only BUT, there were attraction flow issues at new trap facility 2014 pNOR below dam ~0.55 vs. pNOR ~ ( ) Future Directions

Acknowledgements Dave Griffiths and U.S. ACE Cameron Sharpe, ODFW ODFW field staff Banks and O’Malley labs