The Industrial Revolution Mr. Bach Accelerated World History

Why Now? Scientific Revolution – new inventions and methods applied to manufacturing. Scientific Revolution – new inventions and methods applied to manufacturing. Bourgeoisie – emergence of a middle-class who are looking for new ways to increase their wealth. Bourgeoisie – emergence of a middle-class who are looking for new ways to increase their wealth.

Why Now? More Democratic Governments – government has less control over the economy. More Democratic Governments – government has less control over the economy. Colonization – more resources available as raw materials. Colonization – more resources available as raw materials.

Agricultural Revolution Science applied to farming methods. Science applied to farming methods. Crop Rotation – allowed nutrients to be replenished in the soil Crop Rotation – allowed nutrients to be replenished in the soil Enclosures – wealthy landowners take over instead of smaller farmers. Enclosures – wealthy landowners take over instead of smaller farmers. Freed up more farmers to work in factories (labor force). Freed up more farmers to work in factories (labor force).

Why England? Available resources (home and colonies) Available resources (home and colonies) Wealthy bourgeoisie (available capital) Wealthy bourgeoisie (available capital) Increasingly democratic government Increasingly democratic government Guarantees property rights Guarantees property rights No domestic warfare. No domestic warfare.

New Inventions Increased Productivity Increased Productivity Textile Industry Textile Industry Spinning Jenny Spinning Jenny Flying Shuttle Flying Shuttle

New Inventions New Power Source New Power Source Steam Engine (James Watt) Steam Engine (James Watt)

New Inventions Better Transportation Better Transportation Steamboat (Robert Fulton) Steamboat (Robert Fulton) Railroads (George Stephenson) Railroads (George Stephenson) Easier to move raw materials and finished products in and out of factories. Easier to move raw materials and finished products in and out of factories. Transportation boom leads to labor gains for many connected businesses. Transportation boom leads to labor gains for many connected businesses.

New Business Model Corporation Corporation A business owned by many stockholders that share in its profits. A business owned by many stockholders that share in its profits. Stock - % of ownership Stock - % of ownership New industries required a tremendous amount of capital, so the corporation was necessary. New industries required a tremendous amount of capital, so the corporation was necessary.