Agenda Explore methods of separation Notes on methods of separation
Four methods of separation are set up around the room. Observe the physical properties before and after. Determine states of matter separated Determine properties used to separate
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Distillation – separate liquids by boiling points. ◦ One boils at a lower temperature allowing it to be trapped and condensed. ◦ Occurs with oil and gasoline
Chromatography – separate particles by their ability to travel with a solvent – many types ◦ Ink on paper – lab from crime
Filtration – Separates liquid and solid ◦ pouring mixture into paper, the liquid passes through while paper collects the solid ◦ Coffee, draining spaghetti
Evaporation – heat a liquid to its boiling point so that it evaporates leaving behind the other substances. ◦ You did this one in the lab!
Extraction – dissolving a substance in a solvent in which all other substances are insoluble. ◦ You did this one in the lab!
Sublimation – Separate solids. ◦ Heat mixture so that one of the substances is converted into a gas. Not many substances sublime Dry ice
Purpose – separation ◦ don’t want to lose anything! ◦ quantitative Research: methods of separation SubstanceFormulaAppearanceMelting ptSolubility in 100g H 2 O SaltNaClWhite crystal801 o C35 g SandSiO 2 White crystal1600 o CInsoluble Ammonium chloride NH 4 ClWhite crystalSublimes at 340 o C 37 g