Acids, Bases and Salts Ms. MacInnes 2010 Science 10.

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Presentation transcript:

Acids, Bases and Salts Ms. MacInnes 2010 Science 10

What do you think an acid is? Lactic acid (sore muscles & sour milk) Boric acid (antiseptic) Acetic acid (vinegar) Citric acid (citrus fruits) Hydrochloric acid (stomach acid)

Acids an acid is a substance that produces hydrogen ions in solution ( H+) Properties of acids turns blue litmus paper red turns bromothymol blue to yellow sour taste reacts with certain metals to produce H 2 Conducts electricity when dissolved in H 2 O contains H +1 ions

Bases What do you think a base is? a base is a compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when in solution. Another term for “basic” is “alkaline” Examples: Antacids (Tums) Oven cleaner (Easy Off) Milk of magnesia

Properties of bases turns red litmus paper blue turns phenolphthalein pink bitter taste slippery feel conducts electricity when dissolved in H 2 O contains OH -1 ions (hydroxide)

Salts An ionic compound which is produced during a neutralisation reaction (reaction between acid & base) Neutralisation A chemical reaction where an acid and a base combine to make a salt and water. NaOH + HCl  NaCl + H 2 O

Properties of salts Produced when an acid reacts with a base Has a solid crystalline structure Examples include table salt (NaCl), Epsom salt (bath), potassium chloride (KCl) **not all compounds are acids, bases or salts; some are sugars

Indicators A substance used to discover the presence of another material. An acid/base indicator shows the presence of one or the other by changing colour. Examples include: phenolphthalein, bromothymol blue, pH paper, blue and red litmus paper.

pH scale A scale that measures the relative acidity or alkalinity of a substance. Based on the concentration of H + (aq) in a solution