Architecture in Poland

Pre-Romanesque Architecture The oldest pre-Romanesque architectural monuments are traces of X century discovered on a Salvator hill in Cracow, the remnants of the rotunda of St. Felix on Wawel Hill, the ruins in Ostrów Lednicki near Gniezno.

The ruins in Ostrów Lednicki near Gniezno Salwator in Cracow

Romanesque architecture Romanesque architecture spread in XI-XIII century.; preserved primarily religious monuments: churches and monasteries in Kraków, Strzelno, Tum, Czerwiensk, Opatów.

Collegiate in Tum Saint Procop’s rotunda in Strzelno

Gothic architecture At the beginning of the thirteenth century began to popularize the Gothic architecture. Monuments of Gothic architecture include Cathedral in Wroclaw, Wawel Cathedral, town halls in Wroclaw and Torun, Artus Court, the castle in Malbork.

Cathedral in Wrocław Artus's Court in Gdańsk

Renaissance architecture Monuments of Renaissance architecture include Zygmunt's Chapel, attics and arcade courtyards at Wawel, town halls in Poznan, Sandomierz, town houses and defensive walls in Gdansk.

Defensive walls in Gdańsk Zygmunt's Chapel on Wawel

Baroque architecture Residence of John III Sobieski in Wilanów and Aula Leopoldina in Wroclaw are in the style of Baroque architecture.

Residence of Jan III Sobieski in Wilanów The Aula Leopoldina in Wrocław

Rococo architectural Rococo architecture monuments are Saxon Gardens, Palace Brühl, rural manor houses, the facade of the Belvedere Palace, the Grand Theatre in Warsaw and most of all tenement houses Krakow, Poznan, Gdansk, Wroclaw.

Palace Brühl Saxon Gardens in Warsaw The Grand Theatre in Warsaw

Modernist Architecture Modernist Architecture (30s XXcentury) use decorations instead of appropriable advantages (Palace of Culture and Science, Constitution Square). Palace of Culture and Science

Craft in Poland

Ceramics Ceramics is one of the oldest handicrafts.

Blacksmithing Blacksmithing is profession that involves the creation of (forging), metal objects, eg. Kettles, horseshoes, nails, tools, weapons. The most common artistic blacksmith products are: - fences - balcony's railings, - window's bars, - gates and gate input, - other ornaments.

Saddler Saddler is a craftsman who makes leather saddles for horses.

Tailor Tailor – craftsman who sews (by hand - needle or machine) women's men's and children's underwear and spring, autumn and winter clothing.

Carpenter Carpenter - it's a profession associated with the processing of wood. Carpenter makes the elements of construction or parts of equipment.

Cooperage Cooperage - department of craft dealing with the production of wooden crockery stave technique : barrels, vats, tubs, churns, bowl and blades for bread, watering can, buckets, bathtubs, mugs.

Roofer Roofer - a craftsman dealing with repairing and overlaping roofs by roofing materials: shingles, metal roofing shingles.

Carpenter Carpenter -craftsman who makes wooden furniture and everyday objects. Carpenter should have manual dexterity. It must also be able to match the different types of wood, and firmly connect the elements with glue, nails and steel screws.

Shoemaker Shoemaker – A craftsman who makes, designs and repairs footwear.