Chemical Basis of Life

Mixture  2 or more elements or compounds mixed but not chemically combined. –Ex- air, soil, salad

Solution (p 42)  A mixture in which one or more substances are uniformly spread out in another substance. –Ex-sugar water, salt water

2 parts to a solution  Solvent- –does the dissolving (water)  Solute- –gets dissolved (salt, sugar)

Acids/Bases  pH Scale- (p 44)  1-14  7 = neutral  1-6 = acid  8-14 = basic (alkaline)

Acids  Release hydrogen ions (H+) into a solution. –Ex- hydrochloric acid, –HCl  H+ + Cl-

Bases  Release hydroxide ions (OH-) into a solution. –Ex. sodium hydroxide –NaOH  Na+ + OH-

Inorganic Compounds  Do not contain carbon. –Ex. salt, water, calcium phosphate

Organic Compounds  Carbon containing compounds –Ex. carbohydrates, proteins, lipids –Contain- C, H, O, N

Polymerization  Process of putting together many smaller compounds to make large compounds

Monomers  Small compounds that are put together

Polymer  Complex molecule that results

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