Variation and Proportion Direct Proportion
The formula for direct variation can be written as y=kx where k is called the constant of variation. The steps to follow to solve a problem with direct variation: Write the equation: y = kx Substitute for x and y Solve for k Rewrite the equation with k as the constant
Problem: Find an equation of direct variation where y varies directly as x. One pair of values is y = 35 when x = Write the equation: y = kxy = kx Substitute for x and y35 = k(7) Solve for k5= k Rewrite the equation with k y = 5x as the constant
Problem: The cost of operating a TV varies directly as the number (n) of hours it is in operation. It costs $60.00 to operate a standard size color TV continuously for 30 days. y = cost; x = number of hours y = kx = k(30) /30 = k, or k = 2 Equation: y = 2x
Practice Problems: Answers 1. y = 28 when x = 7 Equation: y = 4x 2. y = 30 when x = 8 Equation: y = 15/4x 3. y = 400 when x = 125 Equation: y = 16/5x 4. y = 630 when x = 175 Equation: y = 18/5x
Practice Problems: Answers (Continued) 5. The number (b) of bolts a machine can make varies directly as the time it operates. It can make 6578 bolts in 2 hours. How many bolts can it make in 5 hours? Set up a proportion: 6578/2 = x/5 x = 16445