INT 200: Global Capitalism and its Discontents Industrial Capitalism

The 19 th Century: the 1 st Global Century? – Free-Trade and the resulting trade boom – Technologies: transportation and information – Finance: integration of international capital markets – Mass migration – Economic Growth and Pax Brittanica

Industrial Capitalism Imperialism and Colonialism New Imperialism – Industrialization: Resources and Markets – Nationalism, – Cultural Superiority United Stated Senator, Albert J. Beveridge, 1899: “Mr. President... God has not prepared the English- speaking and Teutonic peoples for a thousand years for nothing but vain and idle self-contemplation and self- admiration. No! He has made us the master organizers of the world to establish system where chaos reigns... He has made us adepts in government that we may administer government among savage and senile peoples... He has marked the American people as His chosen nation to finally lead in the regeneration of the world. This is the divine mission of America... The Philippines are ours forever. We will not repudiate our duty in the archipelago. We will not abandon our opportunity in the Orient. We will not renounce our part in the mission of our race, trustee, under God, of the civilization of the world.” Rudyard Kipling Take up the White Man's burden, Send forth the best ye breed Go bind your sons to exile, to serve your captives' need; To wait in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild— Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half- devil and half-child.

Industrial Capitalism New Imperialism – United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the United States – Effects +ve: Cultural diffusion, including English +ve: Modernization, including technology -ve: Disease, exploitation, enslavement -ve: Cultural Trauma – Example: British Raj

Industrial Capitalism Consequences of the Industrial Revolution on Global Capitalism – The Great Divergence – Military superiority that permitted Imperialism – Economic integration – New industrial and agricultural technologies – World capital market – Mass migration

Industrial Capitalism The Great Divergence – process by which the Western Europe and the parts of the New World overcame pre-modern growth constraints and emerged during the 19th century as the most powerful and wealthy world civilization – Western Europe and parts of the New World vs. Qing China, Mughal India, Tokugawa Japan, and the Ottoman Empire – Why? Cultural factors: – Max Weber “The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism” – Invention of freedom – Plundering and pillage – Europe and US: beacon of progress or ruthless thief? Environmental factors leading to greater productivity Open science Glorious Revolution All of the above: Capitalism and Colonialism