HUMAN GENOME PROJECT International effort of 13 years (1990 – 2003) Identified all the approximate 20,000 – 25,000 genes in human DNA Determined the sequences of the 3 billion base pairs that make up human DNA Enables further biological studies in fields such as Molecular medicine Within the US, HGP is coordinated by Department of Energy and National Institutes of Health

HGP CONTINUED Here is an example of a current version of Human Genome Reference DNA Sequence resultant from the Human Genome Project The chromosomal locations of several genes believed to be associated with the human BRCA1 gene implicated in breast cancer, highlighted using the Map Viewer query "BRCA1" (build 35). SOURCE:

Some applications of genome research: 1.Molecular medicine To improve diagnosis of disease Earlier detection of genetic predispositions to disease Drug discovery Gene therapy and control systems for drugs 2.Energy sources and environmental applications Use microbial genomics research –To create new energy sources (biofuels) –To develop environmental monitoring techniques to detect pollutants 3.DNA forensics (identification) Identify potential suspects using DNA evidences at crime scenes Establish paternity and other family relationships Identify endangered and protected species as an aid to wildlife Match organ donors with recipients in transplant programs OUTCOMES