Temperature and Heat. Kinetic theory of matter What is Kinetic Energy? The energy of motion. What is Matter? The combination of particles in a substance.

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Presentation transcript:

Temperature and Heat

Kinetic theory of matter What is Kinetic Energy? The energy of motion. What is Matter? The combination of particles in a substance (matter has mass). What is the “Kinetic theory of matter?” The amount of energy of motion (kinetic energy) present in a substance.

Solid liquid gas Increasing Energy

Kinetic Energy of a gas 2,000,000,000,000 slower than is actual is….

Kinetic energy of a molecule

Temperature Temperature is a measurement of increasing kinetic energy. – Smoothie vs. Hot Cocoa – Rub your hands together

Degrees We measure temperature in various ways. Fahrenheit – used in only a small part of the world. A scale created to place the freezing point of water 180 degrees away from each other. Celsius –used by the majority of the world. Water freezes at 0 and boils at 100. Kelvin – Changes the Celsius scale and places 0 as what is commonly called “absolute zero” Celsius.

Measuring temperature What instrument do we use to measure temperature? A Thermometer. Notice “Thermo” is related to Thermal Energy

Thermal Expansion Gases,liquids and solids expand when they are heated.

Heat Flow of energy from an object with high temperature to an object with a low temperature.

Specific Heat The amount of energy a substance absorbs to increase its temperature. Every substance has a “specific” amount of energy needed.

Energy can move by... – CONDUCTION This is the process that moves energy from one object to another when they are touching physically. When touching, particles from the object with more kinetic energy will transfer to the object with less kinetic energy.

CONDUCTION

ENERGY CAN MOVE BY... CONDUCTORS – MATERIALS THAT TRANSFER ENERGY EASILY.

CONDUCTOR

ENERGY CAN BE CONTROLLED BY... INSULATORS – OBJECTS THAT ARE POOR CONDUCTORS OF HEAT. – HAVE HIGH SPECIFIC HEATS – KEEP COOL SUBSTANCES COOL AND HOT SUBSTANCES HOT

INSULATORS

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