Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Graphics ikt403 – Object-Oriented Software Development.

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Presentation transcript:

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Graphics ikt403 – Object-Oriented Software Development

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Introduction Java contains support for graphics that enable programmers to visually enhance applications Java contains many more sophisticated drawing capabilities as part of the Java 2D API Classes –Color –Font, FontMetrics –Graphics2D –Polygon –BasicStroke –GradientPaint, TexturePaint –Java 2D shape classes

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Introduction Java coordinate system –Upper-left corner of a GUI component has the coordinates (0, 0) –Contains x-coordinate (horizontal coordinate) - horizontal distance moving right from the left of the screen –Contains y-coordinate (vertical coordinate) - vertical distance moving down from the top of the screen Coordinate units are measured in pixels. A pixel is a display monitor’s smallest unit of resolution.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Java coordinate system. Units are measured in pixels.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Graphics Contexts and Graphics Objects A Java graphics context enables drawing on the screen Class Graphics –Manages a graphics context and draws pixels on the screen –An abstract class – contributes to Java’s portability Method paintComponent –Used to draw graphics –Member of class JComponent, subclass of Component –Graphics object passed to paintComponent by the system when a lightweight Swing component needs to be repainted –If programmer needs to have paintComponent execute, a call is made to method repaint

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Color Control Class Color declares methods and constants for manipulating colors in a Java program Every color is created from a red, a green and a blue component – RGB values

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Color constants and their RGB values.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Color methods and color-related Graphics methods.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline Method paintComponent paints JPanel Set current drawing color with method setColor Draw filled rectangle using current color Draw text value of current colorSet current drawing color, specify float arguments to Color constructor Set current drawing color using Color constant

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline Retrieving RGB values using methods getRed, getGreen and getBlue

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Font Control Class Font –Constructor takes three arguments—the font name, font style and font size Font name – any font currently supported by the system on which the program is running Font style – Font.PLAIN, Font.ITALIC or Font.BOLD. Font styles can be used in combination Font sizes – measured in points. A point is 1/72 of an inch. –Methods getName, getStyle and getSize retrieve information about Font object –Graphics methods getFont and setFont retrieve and set the current font, respectively

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Font-related methods and constants.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Font-related methods and constants.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline Creating Font objects Font nameFont style Font size

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline Combining styles Retrieve font name and size of Graphics object’s current Font

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Drawing Lines, Rectangles and Ovals Graphics methods for drawing lines, rectangles and ovals –fillRoundRect and drawRoundRect – draw rectangles with rounded corners –bounding rectangle—the area in which a rounded rectangle or oval will be drawn –draw3DRect and fill3DRect – draw a 3D rectangle that is either raised or lowered –drawOval and fillOval – draw ovals

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Graphics methods that draw lines, rectangles and ovals.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Graphics methods that draw lines, rectangles and ovals.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline Draw a straight lineDraw an empty rectangleDraw a filled rectangle

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline Draw a filled rectangle with rounded cornersDraw an empty rectangle with rounded cornersDraw an empty rectangle that is raisedDraw a filled rectangle that is loweredDraw an empty ovalDraw a filled oval

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline fillRoundRect drawRoundRect drawOval fillOval drawLine drawRect fillRect draw3DRect fill3DRect

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Drawing Arcs An arc is drawn as a portion of an oval Arcs sweep (i.e., move along a curve) from a starting angle by the number of degrees specified by their arc angle –Counterclockwise sweep measured in positive degrees –Clockwise sweep measured in negative degrees Graphics methods drawArc and fillArc are used to draw arcs

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Positive and negative arc angles.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Graphics methods for drawing arcs.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline x- and y-coordinates for upper left corner of bounding rectangle Width and height of bounding rectangle Starting angle Sweep angle Draw empty arcs

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline Draw filled arcs Negative values indicate arc should sweep clockwise

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Drawing Polygons and Polylines Polygons –Closed multisided shapes composed of straight line segments –Graphics methods drawPolygon and fillPolygon to display polygons –Polygons can be represented using class Polygon – class contains method addPoint to add points to a Polygon Polylines –Sequences of connected points –Graphics method drawPolyline to display polylines

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Graphics methods for polygons and class Polygon methods.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Graphics methods for polygons and class Polygon methods.

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline Create Polygon object from sets of x- and y-coordinates Draw an empty Polygon Draw polyline from sets of x- and y-coordinates

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline Draw polygon from sets of x- and y-coordinates, without creating Polygon object Add coordinates to Polygon with method addPoint

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE Outline Result of line 28 Result of line 37 Result of line 23 Result of line 18

Merete S COLLEGEFACULTY OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE