Art and Culture Renaissance Mannerism Baroque 1500-1715
Medieval art
Art Reflects and Reacts Why does art change? Art Reflects and Reacts to LIFE! Fall of the Byzantine Empire The Black Plague Reformation
Society in the Renaissance Feudalism - Hierarchy Famine and disease – bubonic plague Gutenberg printing press Patronage of the arts – Medici, Pope Julius II and Pope Leo X Women and Childhood Legacy textbook – Pages 21-26 Question
Humanism Influx of scholars of antiquity from Constantinople Curriculum of a “humanist” (teacher) was rhetoric, grammar, poetry, history and moral philosophy (ethics) Merchant class established Florence, Italy (1450 onwards) Ancient ideals
Can you spot the differences? Which one is the Medieval painting?
Boticelli’s Primavera, 1480 Attributes of Renaissance Art Return to the Greek and Roman Classical style Proportions/balance Linear perspective- realism New paint – oil! Humanism-emotion The ideal Pyramid compositions Boticelli’s Primavera, 1480
Cranach the Elder The Last Supper, 1547 Donatello The Penitent Magdalene, 1453-55
Northern Renaissance: Outside of Italy ~1500 onwards Albrecht Dürer The Four Apostles, 1526 Gothic influence Secular Humanism Landscapes Reformation Brought religious art almost to a complete end
Stars of the Renaissance Sfumato and Chiaroscuro Leonardo Da Vinci
Michelangelo Pieta, 1499 Adam, Sistine Chapel, 1511
Art during the Reformation and Counter Reformation Mannerism (1520-1600) Baroque Protestant viewpoint Catholic viewpoint Council of Trent
Reformation and Counter Reformation Protestant viewpoint Catholic viewpoint Humans are made in God’s image. Therefore, all scenes of secular life are valid subjects for art Portraits Iconoclastic movements Glorify God through the beauty of his creations Council of Trent (1563) Focus on religious scenes and allegories Veneration paid to the person him/herself and not the image. Images realistic – nothing confusing or decorative
Mannerism Exaggerated poses, in unrealistic settings Parmigianino's Madonna of the Long Neck Exaggerated poses, in unrealistic settings More emotional approach to art with a sometimes distorted point of view Elegance Mystery, aloofness Flaw for perfection Two Mannerist Portraits
Unnatural pose! Michelangelo Ignudo, Sistine Chapel ceiling El Greco Adoration of the Shepards, 1605 Unnatural pose!
Bernini Baroque Emotion Chiaroscuro and Tenebriso Movement Natural Diagonal, “X” compositions Two paintings in the Baroque era
Vermeer Girl with a Pearl Earring, 1665 Carravaggio Entombment, 1600-04
Compare and Contrast Venn diagram
Important Terms Linear perspective Iconoclasm Sfumato Tempera Humanism Foreshortening Mannerism Baroque Naturalism, Realism Secular Chiaroscuro Tenebriso Based on the work of Amy Sohn