© Edco 2007 Exploring Science Biology Flowering plants are the most advanced type of plants. CHAPTER 12 STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN FLOWERING PLANTS

© Edco 2007 Exploring Science Biology The main functions of the parts of a flowering plant are as follows: Roots anchor the plant and take in water and minerals. Stems support and transport materials to the upper parts of the plant. Leaves make food, exchange gases and allow water to pass out. Buds are future growth points. Flowers produce seeds for reproduction. CHAPTER 12 STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN FLOWERING PLANTS

© Edco 2007 Exploring Science Biology Transpiration is the loss of water from a plant. Most transpiration takes place through openings called stomata on the underside of leaves. The flow of water from the roots to the stems and into the leaves is called the transpiration stream. CHAPTER 12 STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN FLOWERING PLANTS

© Edco 2007 Exploring Science Biology To show the path of water through a plant: –Place a piece of celery in coloured water. –Observe the path taken by the coloured water as it rises through the plant. CHAPTER 12 STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN FLOWERING PLANTS

© Edco 2007 Exploring Science Biology To show that water passes from the roots up through the stem and out of the leaves: –Place the roots of a young plant in water. –Cover the water with a layer of oil. –Note that the level of water goes down over time. CHAPTER 12 STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN FLOWERING PLANTS

© Edco 2007 Exploring Science Biology To show that water evaporates from the surface of a leaf by transpiration: –Cover a well-watered pot plant with a plastic bag. –Test the droplets of liquid with cobalt chloride paper (blue if dry, pink if water is present). CHAPTER 12 STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN FLOWERING PLANTS

© Edco 2007 Exploring Science Biology Minerals enter a plant dissolved in water. Minerals pass around the plant dissolved in water. Food is transported from the leaves to the other growth areas in a system of tubes. (H/L) Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. Phloem transports food from the leaves to the rest of the plant. CHAPTER 12 STRUCTURE & TRANSPORT IN FLOWERING PLANTS